Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, abakhiqizi bemishini yokunisela bebematasa besungula kabusha amasistimu okuchela ukuze asebenze kakhulu “njengezandla eziqashiwe” kunezindlela eziphumelelayo zokunisela izitshalo.
Kusukela ekusebenziseni ukuzihlola ukuze kuncishiswe isikhathi sokuphumula kanye nokulungiswa kokuqapha izitshalo ensimini, isizukulwane esisha se-hardware yokunisela senzelwe ukusiza abalimi ukuthi basebenzise kangcono imithombo yabo yamanzi, bahlangabezane nemigomo yemvelo, basebenze nabasebenzi abambalwa futhi bathuthukise isivuno sokuvuna. Isibonelo, amakhamera e-center-pivot kanye nokugada kwasemoyeni manje agcina umkhondo wokucindezela kwezinambuzane nesifo ngesikhathi sangempela kuyilapho umshini futhi uqapha impilo yezitshalo iyonke ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuthatha i-nitrogen.
Futhi, njengoba lobu buchwepheshe buqhubeka buhlanganiswa emikhiqizweni emisha, ubuciko nesayensi yezolimo eziniselwayo zishintsha unomphela. UProgressive Farmer ubelokhu elandela imboni yokunisela eduze kusukela kwafakwa i-center-pivot rig yokuqala e-Nebraska ngo-1956, futhi manje, eminyakeni engama-66 kamuva, lokhu kuqoqwa kweminikelo yakamuva evela kuma-OEMs amakhulu okunisela (abakhiqizi bemishini yasekuqaleni) izinhlu zokuthi ubuchwepheshe bufike kude kangakanani. qhubekela phambili. (Bheka Ingxenye 2 yale ndaba kumagazini ka-March.)
UKUNISELA NGESIGODI
I-Valley Irrigation yengeze izinzwa ezisekelwe kukhamera ezibekwe phezu kwe-pivot ekukhanyeni kwayo okusekelwe emoyeni okusekelwe kumfanekiso we-Valley Insights yesizini yokukhula ka-2021, evumela ngokugcwele amasistimu wokufafaza we-center-pivot ukunikeza idatha yezempilo yezitshalo ezisensimini nokunye ukutholwa kwe-agronomic njenge ama-pivots anisela amasimu. Isistimu entsha enobuhlakani obushayelwa yi-AI (i-artificial intelligence) esizeni ibizwa nge-Plant Insights futhi iguqula i-pivot emaphakathi ibe umshini wokuqapha izitshalo.
Zombili lezi zinhlelo zihlinzeka ngezithombe esikhungweni senkampani se-AI ukuze zicutshungulwe ngesoftware yokufunda ngomshini ekwazi ukuhlonza izifo ezingaba khona, izinkinga zezinambuzane kanye nempilo yezitshalo iyonke. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-AI yedatha yasensimini isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izexwayiso kubalimi abakhomba izindawo zenkambu zezinkinga ezingaba khona.
Izikhulu zenkampani zithi amakhamera asekelwe ku-pivot angahlinzeka ngezithombe zedijithali zekhwalithi ephezulu ngokulungiswa okwanele ukuhlonza izinambuzane ezithile kanye nobufakazi bezifo zezitshalo. Ukutholwa okusekelwe ku-AI kunikeza ukuvela kwesizini yangaphambi kwesikhathi, ukutholwa kwenani elilinganiselwe kanye nemibiko yokucindezeleka kokhula, kanye nemininingwane yezinga leqabunga ekala impilo yezitshalo nokumuncwa kwe-nitrogen.
Ubuchwepheshe be-pivot obengeziwe obuvela e-Valley onyakeni ozayo buhlanganisa ukugadwa komshini wokuhlola ngaphakathi kohlelo lwenkampani lwe-Valley 365 pivot-control; I-EnCompass, uhlelo lokuhlinzeka ngokufakwa kwamanzi afanayo emishini yasemakhoneni; kanye nesistimu yokulawula i-pivot enesivinini esikhulu, i-X-Tec HS, enganyakazisa isifafaza se-span-span eziyisikhombisa esiyingini esigcwele emizuzwini engu-90 ukuze kuvikelwe izitshalo noma kufakwe amanzi amancane. Ngaphezu kokubheka isivuno, ubunjiniyela obusha obuvela e-Valley buvumela i-pivot ukuthi iqaphe isimo sayo lapho ihamba.
- I-Machine Diagnostics isiyatholakala ngaphakathi kwe-Valley 365, kusho uTroy Long, iphini likamongameli wemikhiqizo yehadiwe e-Valley's Prospera Division. "Ngenkathi yokukhula ka-2022, sithuthukise iphaneli yesithonjana eyethulwa ngo-2017 ukuze ifake ukuxilonga komshini ngokusebenzisa isikrini esithintwayo," echaza. "Isistimu eyisisekelo iqapha ukucindezela kwesondo nokuqondanisa kwe-span, futhi isebenzisa i-telemetry yeselula ukuze ixwayise abalimi ngezinkinga ezingaba khona futhi ikhombe ingxenye ye-pivot yephutha lokuphepha noma ukuqondanisa."
Ukuqondanisa i-span kuyithuluzi eliyinhloko lokuxilonga ngoba libonisa izinkinga ngesivinini sombhoshongo nokunyakaza, okungasho izinkinga zokwehla kwamandla emali amathayi, ukudonsa noma isimo se-driveline. "Lolu hlelo lungonga isikhathi esibalulekile ngokuxwayisa u-opharetha ngesikhathi esiqondile esibangela amakhodi amaphutha," kuchaza u-Long. “Phambilini uma amathayi ephantshile, ebhajwa noma kufe ugearbox kwakusho ukuhamba noma ukushayela ubude bomshini ukuze kubonakale ukuthi inkinga ikuphi.”
Ukuhlola okude okuthe xaxa kuyatholakala ngohlelo, okuhlanganisa nokwengezwa kwama-transducers okucindezela kwamanzi phakathi nesikhathi ukuze kulinganiswe ukwehla kwengcindezi. "Imvamisa, omunye wayebeka i-transducer ku-pivot futhi enye ngasekugcineni kwe-span," echaza. "Impendulo evela kulezi zilinganiso zengcindezi ingavumela abalimi abasebenzisa amaphampu ashintshashintshashintshayo ukuthi basheshise noma behlise ijubane ukuze baqinisekise ukugeleza okwanele kuma-nozzles ekugcineni." ULong uthe lolu hlelo luphinde lusebenze kahle luqapha ama-variable-frequency high-speed drive motors njenge-Valley's X-Tec kanye ne-X-Tech HS esanda kukhishwa.
— I-EnCompass isebenzisa idatha ye-GPS yesikhathi sangempela ukuze ithole ukugeleza kwekhala ngalinye ngokusekelwe endaweni eqondile yengalo yekhona, kuchaza uJerry Gerdes, umphathi omkhulu womkhiqizo we-Valley Irrigation.
"Uhlelo lukala ukuthi ingalo ishesha kangakanani ukuhamba, futhi ngokwazi ukugeleza okutholakalayo kwesifafazi sekhona kanye nendawo yensimu, lunquma izinga lokushaya kwe-sprinkler ukuletha inani elilungile lamanzi," wengeza. “Futhi, isebenza endaweni eholayo noma elandela umkhondo, futhi isebenza eduze nezithiyo. “Isistimu ye-EnCompass ilawulwa ngokuphathelene nokujikeleza ngenkathi kusetshenziswa i-Variable Rate Irrigation Individual Sprinkler ye-Variable Rate Sprinkler ukuze kulawulwe inani lamanzi alethwa yikhoneni,” kwengeza uGerdes. I-EnCompass iyatholakala ukuze kufakwe izinto ezintsha kanye nezinzuzo kunoma yimuphi umshini osekhoneni le-Valley.
Abachela bangakhetha i-valve yokulawula izindlela ezimbili yamanzi omthombo noma i-valve enezinhlangothi ezintathu yamanzi angaphezulu, kuchaza uGerdes. Ukuze kuqhutshekwe kuthuthukiswe ukusetshenziswa kwezifafazi ze-centre-pivot, i-Valley iphendule kulo nyaka odlule ezidingweni zabalimi bamazambane ngesistimu yokushayela eguquguqukayo enesivinini esikhulu ebavumela ukuthi basebenzise ngempumelelo izivikeli zezitshalo zamaqabunga ngesikhathi esifanele - i-120- ephelele i-acre circle emizuzwini engu-90.
“Abalimi kumele bagcobe amakhemikhali njalo ezinsukwini eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kweziyi-10 futhi bafuna ukusebenzisa ama-pivots abo ukuze bonge isikhathi somsebenzi, kodwa kwakudingeka bakwazi ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yabo ngokwelebula amazinga engxubevange yamanzi nangendlela yokugcina umkhiqizo eqabungeni. futhi ungagezisi isitshalo phansi,” kuchaza u-Aaron Caughey, umphathi omkhulu womkhiqizo wase-Valley.
— “I-X-Tec HS (ijubane eliphezulu) iwuhlobo oluthuthukisiwe lwenjini ye-X-Tec VR ye-Valley Irrigation ethembisa ukuthola abasebenzisi ezweni lonke,” esho. “Njenge-X-Tec engaphambi kwayo, inguqulo yesivinini esikhulu iwuhlelo oluqinile olunyakazayo olungase luthandeke kubalimi abadinga ukukhanya, ukuniselwa ngokushesha ukuze kuqhume izitshalo ezinembewu encane noma labo abadinga ikhono lokwenza ukukhanya. ukuchelela ukuze kugwenywe ukuguguleka komoya emhlabathini omncane,” echaza. “Sesivele sidayisele umshini owodwa osezingeni eliphezulu kumkhiqizi wama-apula ofuna ukuwusebenzisela ukuvikela isithwathwa sasentwasahlobo lapho kudingeka khona ukugawula amanzi ngokushesha.”
UCaughey uthe injini ye-HS enethayi elikhulu kakhulu lokunisela ingahamba cishe ngamafidi angama-96 ngomzuzu futhi ihambe ngomshini onezispan eziyisikhombisa okusho isiyingi esigcwele emizuzwini engu-90. Lokho kuqhathaniswa nohambo lwamahora amane lwemoto ekhona i-X-Tec. Uthe uhlelo lwamanje lwenzelwe izinkundla ezingenawo umthambeko ongaphezu kuka-5% ngenxa yetorque elinganiselwe.
“I-sprinkler sinyakazisa izikhathi ezingu-10 ngokushesha, kodwa asisebenzisi izikhathi ezingu-10 amandla amahhashi, ngakho-ke kunemingcele ye-torque ehambisana nokudonsa imithwalo esindayo ngegiya eliphezulu,” echaza. “Injini engu-3 horsepower HS yakhelwe ukuthi isebenze ngesivinini esingu-343 rpm uma iqhathaniswa ne-X-Tec ejwayelekile, egijima ngo-34 rpm futhi ithuthukisa amandla angu-0.6.” UCaughey uthe cishe imishini engu-80 ye-X-Tec HS ithengisiwe ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala ngemuva kokukhululwa kwayo ngoSepthemba 2021.
Inkampani LINDSAY CORP.
Izindaba ezinkulu ezivela ku-Lindsay Corp. zango-2022 ziwukuklanywa kabusha okukhulu kohlelo lwayo lwamanje lwe-pivot-remote control, i-FieldNET, ukuze kunikezwe abasebenzisi ukufinyelela okunembile enanini elikhulayo lemisebenzi ye-center-pivot enomthelela kukho kokubili impilo yomshini nempilo yezitshalo.
"Ukulungiswa kabusha kuyaqhubeka manje futhi cishe kuzotholakala ngokwezentengiselwano kubalimi ngemuva kokuphothulwa kokuhlolwa kwe-beta ngesizini yokukhula ka-2022," kusho uReece Andrews, umphathi womkhiqizo weFieldNET kanye neZimmatic Controls. Uthe ukuklama kabusha kuwukuthuthukisa okuqhubekayo kwe-FieldNET, eyakhululwa okokuqala ngo-2007, ukunikeza abacheleli ukufinyelela okulula komsebenzisi kuphothifoliyo yanamuhla ekhulayo yobuchwepheshe be-pivot.
Uhlelo olusha lomsebenzisi we-FieldNET futhi yilapho abalimi bezoqala khona ukubona i-smart pivot kaLindsay iphila, kusho u-Andrews. I-smart pivot, eyamenyezelwa okokuqala ngoNovemba 2020, yakhelwe ukusekela izitshalo ezinempilo kanye nezinqubo zokulima ezizinzile, kuyilapho inciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi futhi yonga izindleko zabasebenzi nesikhathi.
"Inkundla yethu entsha ye-smart-pivot ikhiqiza isizukulwane esisha somkhiqizo futhi izoshintsha indlela abalimi abanisela ngayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka ngezinzwa ezintsha nezici," esho. “Ukuphelelwa yisikhathi kwemishini kuyisiphakamiso esimba eqolo uma ulima, futhi abalimi bebelokhu besibuza ukuthi ngabe i-FieldNET ingasetshenziswa yini ukubathumelela umyalezo wokuthi 'imuphi umbhoshongo ovaliwe?' Sifuna ukubanika lokhu abakufunayo,” kuqhuba yena. "Futhi, sifuna ukubasiza babone ukuthi yini edale inkinga, noma ngabe ukwehluleka kwengxenye noma izimo zenkundla, futhi i-smart pivot izokwazi ukwenza lokho."
U-Andrews uthe umgogodla we-smart pivot wuhlelo lwezinzwa zombhoshongo eziqapha ama-engeli okuqondanisa ahlobene neminye imibhoshongo. “Ngokusebenzisa lolo lwazi, uhlelo lokufunda ngomshini lungasetshenziswa ukuthumela ikhasimende ulwazi elilufunayo ngendawo okungenzeka ukuthi lehluleke kuyo, konge isikhathi esibalulekile sokukhomba inkinga,” echaza. “Ukuxilongwa ngokushesha kusho isikhathi esincane emsebenzini ukuze umshini ubuyele emsebenzini. Konke kuyingxenye yokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo jikelele, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zokushoda kwezisebenzi.”
Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Andrews uthe lolu hlelo lungasetshenziswa ukukala ukuthi ama-amperage draw ama-drive motors, izinkinga ezingaba khona ohlelweni ezifana no-gearbox ngaphambi kokuthi ahluleke. “Okunye futhi, siyakwazi ukwengeza ama-monitor emathayini e-pivot, hhayi nje ukukala umfutho wesondo kuphela kodwa akwazi ukusethwa kusengaphambili ukuze umshini ubuyisele umshini emgwaqeni oseduze ukuze ulungiswe ngaphambi kokuba ucekele phansi isondo noma ezinye izinto uma kwenzeka kuba nomfutho ophansi. ”
I-smart pivot iphinde ivule ukufinyelela okusebenza kahle kakhudlwana enanini elikhulayo lezinzwa ezihlobene nezitshalo ezitholakalayo ukuze ziqaphe izimo zezitshalo nomhlabathi, ukuqubuka kwezinambuzane nezifo kanye nezinga eligolide lokuchelela - ukuhlela ukuchelela. U-Lindsay wethule ithuluzi lokuqala lemboni elisekelwe efwini, lokuhlela ukuchelela ngokuzenzakalelayo, i-FieldNET Advisor, ngo-2017. “Ukonga kwamanzi okungaba khona ensimini eyodwa usebenzisa i-FieldNET Advisor kungafinyelela ezigidini zamalitha, ukunikeza umlimi okuningi ngemali encane, futhi sifuna lokho. kufanele ifaniswe nabalimi bethu bonke, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kwezolimo ngendlela efanele kubaluleke kakhulu,” kusho u-Andrews. "Kukhona ijika lokufunda lokusebenzisa i-FieldNET Advisor, futhi ukubhala kabusha kuhloselwe ukwenza isicaba lelo jika."
Le nkampani isanda kukhipha i-FieldNET nge-WaterTrend, isici esisha ngaphakathi kweplathifomu ye-FieldNET esebenzisa isayensi efanayo nedatha engena ku-FieldNET Advisor ngaphandle kwezindleko ezengeziwe kubabhalisi. “I-WaterTrend ifakwe mahhala ohlelweni futhi ihlinzeka ngolwazi lokuthatha izinqumo mayelana nokuhlela amanzi ngokusekelwe ezinhlotsheni zenhlabathi, imodeli yokukhula kwezitshalo, isimo sezulu sendawo kanye nedatha yemvula. Lokhu kuletha isibikezelo esilandelayo sezinsuku eziyisikhombisa sokusetshenziswa kwamanzi kwesilimo,” kuchaza u-Andrews. Futhi, uhlelo olusha lwe-smart-pivot ludizayinelwe ukwenza kube lula ukusetha nokusebenzisa i-FieldNET, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amamephu enkundla nolwazi lwesivuno lukhiqizwa noma lugcinwa kanjani.
“Ingxenye yomgomo wethu ukuthuthukisa ukufinyelela kwamakhasimende ethu kudatha yawo kuwo wonke amapulatifomu,” kuphawula u-Andrews. “Ama-API (ama-application programming interfaces) akhona phakathi kwe-FieldNET kanye nabanye abeluleki abathembekile bamakhasimende ethu, ngakho-ke uma othile esebenzisa, isibonelo, i-John Deere Operations Center esikhundleni sokudwebela kabusha lolo lwazi ku-FieldNET, angaxhuma lezi zinkundla ezimbili, avumele kokubili. ukusebenzisa imininingwane yabo ngokuzenzakalelayo,” echaza. "Sizama ukwenza ukusetshenziswa kobunjiniyela obuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kube lula ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze abalimi bethu basebenzise."
I-REINKE INKSELA
Phakathi neminyaka emibili edlule, I-Reinke Irrigation ithathe izinyathelo ezinkulu ukuze isize abanisi benkasa bathuthukise izinqumo zokuhlela futhi banikeze ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okufana okufanayo ezinkambini lapho izingalo ezikhona zinweba ukufinyelela kwama-pivots aphakathi nendawo.
U-Mark Gross usebenzisa imibuthano eyi-100 ehlome ngemishini ye-Reinke eduze kwase-Spokane, e-Washington, etshala amazambane, ummbila, uphizi, ukolweni, ibhali ne-hay. Usezinhlelweni zokuguqula ama-pivots akhe amaningi engalo yekhona abe uhlelo olusha lwe-ESAC (electronic swing arm control) ukuze anikeze ukuchelela okuguquguqukayo okuqondiswa yi-GPS emakhoneni. “Uyawubona umehluko wezitshalo emakhoneni ngesikhathi sokukhula,” echaza ngemuva kokubuka ukusebenza kwamayunithi amahlanu e-ESAC epulazini lakhe ngesikhathi sokukhula sika-2020-21. Awekho ama-streaks aphuzi kanye nohlaza olufana kakhulu kuleyo migqa."
U-Gross uthe ukufaka amanzi afanele ngaphansi kwezingalo zokujikijela bekulokhu kuyinkinga kodwa wachaza ukuthi ngenkasa ye-ESAC, akaboni imigqa ekhoneni ingena ngokweqile noma ngaphansi kwamanzi. "Ngokusuka kulowo mbono, ukwamukela lezi emishinini yethu kunengqondo," esho. UKen Goodall, umqondisi wezokuthengisa kaReinke eNyakatho Melika, uthe ubuchwepheshe be-ESAC bungolunye lwezinhlelo zengalo ezikhona kuphela ezitholakalayo ukuze zifanelekele isabelo sezindleko zokonga kwamanzi ngaphansi kohlelo lweFarm Service Agency's Environmental Quality Incentive Programme.
"I-ESAC ihlinzeka ngokunemba kwe-subcentimeter kuyo yonke indawo yayo yesicelo isebenzisa i-GPS kanye nezimpondo ezintathu ezifakwe amayunithi ukuze zilawule okunembile ngaphambili nangemuva," echaza. “Leso siqondiso, sihambisana nekhono lesistimu lokuhlinzeka ngokugeleza kwamanzi okudonsa amanzi kuwo wonke ama-nozzle esibayeni, kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunisela amakhona ngokunembile kumephu yenkundla 10- by 10-foot grids.” UGoodall uthe i-ESAC yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuhlinzeka ngokufana kwamanzi ngazo zonke izinto eziguquguqukayo zengalo enyakazayo eshwiba egibele emshinini we-pivot ophakathi nendawo. Ubuchwepheshe bayo obuphambili futhi buyenza ikwazi ukuchelela kadokotela ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nohlobo lwenhlabathi nokuhlukahluka kwezindawo.
"Ngokusekelwe emabalazweni asensimini, uhlelo lokunisela lungathola izingcezu zensimu eyodwa enkulu kunazo zonke futhi olulodwa futhi lunisele ngokufanele," wanezela. Ngokungeziwe kubuchwepheshe be-onboard be-ESAC, u-Reinke uphinde wabambisana ne-CropX ukuze ihlanganise ubuchwepheshe bayo bokuqapha umswakama wenhlabathi kuma-pivots e-Reinke ngohlelo lwesilawuli se-RC-10 Rain Cloud. "Ngokukwazi ukubona izimo zomswakama emikhakheni yezinhlobo zenhlabathi ehlukahlukene ku-inthanethi, abalimi bangenza izinqumo zokunisela ezifunde kakhulu," kuchaza uGoodall.