I-Peru (Cocachacra): Abalimi Bathola Ukuqeqeshwa Ngezindlela Zokulima Amazambane Zanamuhla

Esifundeni saseCocachacra (esifundeni sase-Arequipa, ePeru), uhlelo lokuqeqesha olukhethekile lwabakhiqizi bezolimo bendawo luqediwe ngempumelelo. Lolu hlelo luhlose ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokulima amazambane, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yembewu, kanye nokwethula imikhuba yokulawula izinambuzane ephephile emvelweni.

Amazambane asalokhu engenye yezitshalo ezibalulekile zokudla nezentengiselwano zamapulazi amancane naphakathi eningizimu yePeru. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, abalimi baseCocachacra, etholakala eTambo Valley, babhekene nezinselelo eziningi ezinzima, okuhlanganisa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, ukushoda kwembewu eqinisekisiwe yekhwalithi ephezulu, kanye nokucindezela okukhula kwezifo zezitshalo nezinambuzane.

Izindawo Eziyinhloko Zohlelo Lokuqeqesha

Amakilasi okufundisa kanye nama-workshop asensimini ahlanganise wonke umjikelezo wokukhiqiza amazambane — kusukela ekulungiseleleni inhlabathi kuya ekuphatheni ngemva kokuvunwa. Ochwepheshe banaka kakhulu lezi zici ezilandelayo:

1. Ukusetshenziswa kwembewu enempilo. Abalimi baboniswe ngokusobala izinzuzo zokusebenzisa imbewu eqinisekisiwe yokuzalanisa kakhulu. Ochwepheshe bachaze ukuthi ukushintshwa kwezinto zokutshala ngesikhathi esifanele kusiza kanjani ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye namagciwane, okwandisa isivuno ngesilinganiso esingu-30-40%.
2. Ukuphathwa Kwezinambuzane Okuhlanganisiwe (i-IPM). Njengoba isimo sezulu sishintsha, izindlela zendabuko zokulawula izinambuzane zamakhemikhali (ngokulwa nezinambuzane ezifana ne-potato tuber moth kanye ne-late blight) ziya ngokuya zingasebenzi kahle futhi zibiza kakhulu. Izifundo zigcizelele izindlela zokulawula izinto eziphilayo, ukushintshaniswa kwezitshalo okufanele, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuqondiwe kwemikhiqizo yesimanje, engenabo ubuthi.
3. Ukuthuthukisa ukondleka kwamaminerali kanye nokunisela. Abahlanganyeli bafunde indlela yokubala amazinga okusetshenziswa kwezakhamzimba ezincane nezinkulu ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwenhlabathi okusheshayo. Bafunde nangobuchwepheshe bokunisela okonga amanzi, okusiza ekuvimbeleni ukugcwala kukasawoti enhlabathini eTambo Valley.

“Ukuqeqesha imiphakathi yendawo ngezindlela zesimanje zezolimo kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile esiya entuthukweni esimeme yesifunda. Asihlose nje ukunikeza abalimi ulwazi lwethiyori, kodwa nokubahlomisa ngamakhono asebenzayo okuhlaziya izimo zasensimini. Lokhu kuzonciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza futhi kwandise ukuncintisana kwamazambane asePeru,” kuphawula abahleli bomcimbi.

Ukubaluleka Okusebenzayo Kwesifunda

Izinhlelo ezinjalo zemfundo zinomthelela wesikhathi eside kwezenhlalo nakwezomnotho esifundeni saseCocachacra. Ukuthuthukisa iziqu kuvumela abalimi ukuthi bashintshele ekulimeni okunembile baye endleleni esekelwe kwisayensi. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuzinzisa imali engenayo yemindeni yasemakhaya kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka kokudla kwesifunda ngokuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu nephephile emakethe.

Abahleli bagcizelele ukuthi ukusekela abalimi baseCocachacra ngeke kuphele ngesifundo esisodwa. Ukuqhubekela phambili, bahlela ukuqhuba ukuqapha njalo amasimu abahlanganyeli ukuze bahlole ukuthi ulwazi olutholiwe lusetshenziswa kanjani ngokusebenzayo kanye nokunikeza usizo lokweluleka ngesikhathi esifanele.