Ukuthayipha Okuvela Esibhakabhakeni: Ama-UAV-Based Environmental Kernels Adlula Idatha Ye-Genomic Ekuhlolweni Kwamazambane Angaphelele

Njengoba ushintsho lwesimo sezulu lukhulisa ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu minyaka yonke, abalimi bezitshalo bangaphansi kwengcindezi yokuhlola izinhlobo eziningi zezakhi zofuzo ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ngenkathi begcina izindleko ze-phenotyping zilawuleka. Ukuhlolwa okuncane - ukuhlola isethi encane yezinhlobo zezakhi zofuzo endaweni ngayinye - kunikeza ikhambi elisebenzayo, kodwa kudinga amamodeli aqinile okubikezela ukugcwalisa idatha engekho. Ucwaningo olusha olushicilelwe ku Imibiko yeSayensi kukhombisa ukuthi i-phenotyping ephezulu (i-HTP) evela esithombeni se-drone ingasebenza njengesithasiselo esinamandla solwazi lwe-genomic ezimweni ezinjalo. Abacwaningi abasebenza ngama-potato clones angu-256 ezindaweni ezintathu zaseSweden (izindawo ezimbili phakathi kuka-2020-2021) bakhiphe izinkomba zezitshalo ezihlanganisiwe ngesikhathi, isembozo sekhava, kanye nokuphakama kwesitshalo kusuka ezithombeni ze-RGB ezisekelwe ku-UAV. Besebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kwengxenye eyinhloko (i-PCA) kulezi zici ezithathwe esithombeni, bakhe "i-environmental kernel" (i-E kernel) elinganisa ukufana phakathi kwezindawo zokuhlola futhi yaqhathanisa ukusebenza kwayo kokubikezela ngokumelene ne-standard genomic relationship matrix (i-G kernel) ngaphansi kwamazinga e-data sparsity asukela ku-10% kuya ku-66%.

Imiphumela iyamangaza: ezimweni ezimbili zemvelo ezine-50% yokuphelela kwedatha, i-E-kernel yenze kahle kakhulu kune-G-kernel kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwayo kuzo zonke izici, yandisa ukunemba kokubikezela kwesivuno se-tuber esiphelele ngo-60% kanye nengxenye yobukhulu obungu-50-60 mm ngo-62%. Ekupheleleni okungu-33%, okuqukethwe kwesitashi kwakuyisici kuphela esine-r² > 0.5, futhi yi-E-kernel kuphela enikeze lelo zinga. I-genomic kernel yabonakala iqine kakhulu kuphela ngaphansi kokuncipha okukhulu (10-20%), kuyilapho ama-covariate ajwayelekile e-meteorological abonise ikhono elilinganiselwe lokuhlukanisa phakathi kwezindawo eziseduze. Okuphawulekayo ukuthi, ukuhlanganisa ama-G-kernel kanye ne-E akuzange kuthuthukise ukubikezela, okuphakamisa ulwazi oluhambisanayo. Abalobi bayavuma ukulinganiselwa - usayizi wesampula ophansi kanye nokuvuza kwemvelo - kodwa bagcizelela ukuthi ama-kernel asekelwe esithombeni asebenza kahle, angandiswa, futhi awusizo ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni ezihamba kancane njenge-tetraploid potato. Le ndlela inikeza indlela esebenzayo yokusheshisa ukutholakala kwezakhi zofuzo ezinhlelweni zokuzalanisa ezilinganiselwe kwezinsizakusebenza, ikakhulukazi ezicini ezihlobene nokukhiqiza, ngenkathi kunciphisa umthwalo we-phenotyping ngedatha ye-HTP engasetshenziswa kabusha.