Ngenxa yokubambisana phakathi kwabacwaningi emhlabeni wonke, okuhlanganisa i-Alliance of Bioversity International kanye ne-International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, abalimi bamazambane sebezoba nesethi yamathuluzi engcono kakhulu yokwakha izinhlobo ezintsha ezivumelana kangcono nezidingo zabo esimweni sezulu esishintshayo.
Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.3 udle amazambane njengokudla okuyisisekelo, okulenza libe yisitshalo sokudla sesithathu esibaluleke kakhulu emva kukakolweni nelayisi, kodwa indlela amazambane azala ngayo isho ukuthi izinhlobo ezintsha zingathatha iminyaka engama-40 kuya kwengama-50 ukuza ezomakethe. Abacwaningi abazinze eHawaii, ezweni lase-US naseLondon bathole ukuthi kubalulekile ukuthi abafuyi bathole ulwazi olungcono kakhulu abangalwenza ukuze benze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nendlela yokuzalanisa ezoholela ezicini ezifiselekayo ezidingekayo esimweni sezulu esishintshayo.
Kuzo Ukuvikeleka Kokudla Namandla iphepha "Izihlobo zasendle zamazambane zingase ziqinise ukujwayela kwawo ezindaweni ezintsha ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezizayo, "Abacwaningi bathi kufika ku-12.5% wesimo sezulu samazambane esilinyiwe njengamanje sizoshintsha sibe yizifunda ezintsha ngo-2070. "Kodwa uma sifuna ukuba nento entsha ngo-2050, sidinga ukuthatha isinqumo ngo-2030," kusho uMichael Kantar. i umsizi uProfessor eNyuvesi yaseHawaii kanye nomunye wababhali bephepha.
U-Kantar uchaza ukuthi ngokuhlonza izici eziwusizo - njengokuvumelana nezimo zendawo kanye nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu - kwezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zamazambane zasendle (nokuthi zizalanisa kahle kangakanani), abacwaningi bangasiza abalimi behlise isikhathi kanye nezindleko zokwakha izitshalo ezintsha. “Ngokwesiko, uma unezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-72 zamazambane bese uthatha amasampula angu-10 uwabuyisele esitshalweni sakho osithandayo, uzohlola ezindaweni eziningi - leso yisikhathi esiningi nezindleko,” esho, wengeza ngokuthi ukuqala ngolwazi. yiziphi iziphambano ezingase zihlukaniseke ngempumelelo zinganciphisa inani lezitshalo zokuhlola ezidingekayo.
UNathan Fumia, umcwaningi eMnyangweni weTropical Plant and Soil Science, eNyuvesi yaseHawaii e-Honolulu kanye nomunye umbhali ephepheni uthe amazambane amaningi, asendle nafuywayo, ahlelwe ngendlela ethile. Okunye iphepha, ephinde yabhalwa nguFumia, ebizwa ngokuthi "Ukusebenzelana phakathi kwesistimu yokuzalanisa kanye ne-ploidy kuthinta ububanzi be-niche e-Solanum" yanyatheliswa ku-Royal Society Open Science futhi yabheka izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zamazambane kanye ne-phylogenetics yazo, okungukuthi, umlando wokuziphendukela kwemvelo kanye nobudlelwane phakathi kwabantu ngabanye. noma amaqembu ezinto eziphilayo.
"Ngokubheka i-phylogenetics besifuna i-proxy uma ingahlanganiswa: uma ihlobene kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi ingahlanganiswa," kusho uFumia. U-Fumia kanye nozakwabo bathola ukuthi ukuhlukanisa ububanzi bendawo kanye nokuhlukahluka kwe-niche, kungasiza ekuhlonzeni izinhlobo ezingase zibe nesithakazelo esikhethekile sokujwayela izitshalo ukuze zivumelane nesimo sezulu esishintshayo.
“Leyo yinto esayibona ishoda ezincwadini futhi lolu wuhlaka lwalokho esikubhekile kwelinye iphepha,” usho kanje. U-Kantar uthi esikhundleni sokubeka izinhlobo ezintsha ezifundeni ezintsha, idatha yofuzo ehlaziywa abacwaningi ingasiza ekunikezeni ulwazi oluwusizo ukwenza ukuzalanisa kwendawo kube lula. "Esifuna ukukwenza wukubanikeza ithuluzi mayelana nombono wabo wokuthi bafuna ukuthi uhlelo lwabo lokudla lusebenze kanjani," kusho uKantar.
U-Colin Khoury, umbhali kanye nawo womabili la maphepha kanye nomcwaningi we-Alliance of Bioversity International kanye ne-International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), kanye noMqondisi wezeSayensi Nokugcinwa Kwemvelo eSan Diego Botanic Garden, uthe indima yeCIAT ibe ucwaningo lwesikhathi eside mayelana nezihlobo zasendle zezitshalo futhi ikakhulukazi ukuqonda isimo sazo sokongiwa ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi geospatial.
U-Khoury wachaza ukuthi uKantar usebenze e-CIAT njenge-postdoc futhi waqeqeshwa nenhlangano ekusebenziseni la mathuluzi nezindlela. "Lokhu uyaqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe wamanje njengoba kubonakala emaphepheni amabili asanda kushicilelwa futhi siyaqhubeka nokusebenzisana nelebhu yaseKantar futhi sikujabulele ukusiza ukufundisa abafundi babo," kusho uKhoury.
“Womabili lamaphepha enza izindlela ezintsha noma asebenzise ukwaziswa okubaluleke ngokwengeziwe okuhlobene nokusebenziseka kwezihlobo zasendle ekuzaleni izitshalo,” esho enezela ngokuthi umuntu usebenzisa ukwaziswa ngezimiso zazo zofuzo namasu okuzala; kanti enye ngokuqonda kangcono izindawo zabo zemvelo ngokubhekisela ezindaweni ezingase zikhule ezitshalweni zamazambane esikhathini esizayo.
"Zombili lezi zinikeza inzuzo eyengeziwe mayelana nokuthi izihlobo zasendle zingase zibe nengxenye ekuthuthukisweni kwezitshalo."