#Potatobreedingprogram #NortheastFlorida #sustainablefarming #marker-assistedselection #geneticmodification #pestresistance #diseaseresistance
INortheast Florida isanda kuqala uhlelo olusha lokuzalanisa amazambane ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi, isivuno, kanye nokusimama kokulima amazambane. Lolu hlelo luhlose ukuthuthukisa izinhlobo zamazambane ezikwazi ukumelana nezilokazane nezifo futhi ezingaphumelela ezimweni zezulu zesifunda. Lesi sihloko sizohlinzeka ngemininingwane ngohlelo olusha lokuzalanisa amazambane kanye nomthelela wawo ongaba khona ekulimeni amazambane.
Ngokwemininingwane yakamuva evela eNyuvesi yaseFlorida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), amazambane angelinye lamazwe ahamba phambili. izitshalo ikhule esifundazweni saseFlorida. Kodwa-ke, ukulima amazambane eNyakatho-mpumalanga yeFlorida kuvame ukuba yinselelo ngenxa yesimo sezulu esishisayo nesinomswakama kule ndawo, okwenza kube lula ukungenwa izinambuzane nezifo.
Ukubhekana nalezi zinselelo, i-IFAS ibambisene ne-USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) kanye noMnyango Wezolimo waseFlorida kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabathengi (FDACS) ukusungula uhlelo olusha lokuzalanisa amazambane. Lolu hlelo luzogxila ekuthuthukiseni izinhlobo ezintsha zamazambane ezivumelana nezimo zezulu zesifunda, zimelana nezinambuzane nezifo, futhi zinesivuno esiphezulu nezinga eliphezulu.
Uhlelo olusha lokuzalanisa amazambane luzosebenzisa izindlela zakamuva zokuzalanisa, okuhlanganisa ukukhetha okusizwa umaka (MAS) kanye nokuguqulwa kofuzo (GM), ukuthuthukisa izinhlobo ezintsha zamazambane. I-MAS ihilela ukuhlonza izimpawu zofuzo ezihlobene nezici ezifiselekayo, ezifana nokumelana nezifo noma isivuno esiphezulu, nokusebenzisa lezi zomaka ukuze ukhethe izitshalo ezinalezi zimpawu. I-GM ihlanganisa ukufakwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezitshalweni zamazambane ukuze kunikezwe izici ezifiselekayo, ezifana nokumelana nezinambuzane.
Uhlelo olusha lokuzalanisa amazambane eNyakatho-mpumalanga Florida lunamandla okuguqula ukulima kwamazambane esifundeni. Ngokwakha izinhlobo zamazambane ezivumelana nezimo zezulu zesifunda futhi zimelana nezinambuzane nezifo, abalimi banganciphisa ukuthembela kwabo emithini yokubulala izinambuzane futhi bakhulise isivuno sabo kanye nekhwalithi. Lokhu ngeke kuzuze abalimi kuphela kodwa kuzophinde kube nomthelela ekusimameni kokulima kwamazambane esifundeni.