Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zamazambane eziqinile ezizosinda kulo nyaka uma kukhulunywa ngokumelana ne-phytophthora. Lokho kuyadumaza, kucabanga umeluleki uJacob Eising. Nokho, uyaqiniseka ukuthi lokho kuzoshintsha maduze. "Inani lezinhlobo ezikwazi ukumelana nezifo eziningi likhula ngokushesha. Izinkampani ezikhiqizayo zibambe iqhaza ngokugcwele kulokhu."
Umfutho we-Phytophthora uphakeme futhi lokhu kubonakala futhi emkhakheni wokuhlola ngezinhlobo zamazambane eziqinile enkampanini ye-organic Erf e-Zeewolde, lapho u-Eising ekhulume khona nabalimi nabamele izinkampani zezohwebo nokuzalanisa izolo ebusuku. Ezinhlotsheni eziqinile ezingama-36 lapha, eziqhamuka ezindlini zokuhweba eziyishumi nanye, ingxenye enkulu ithinteka kakhulu noma kancane yisifo sokukhunta. Ukumelana ne-Tuber nakho akubanga kuhle ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinhlobo. Lokho kuyadumaza, kusho u-Eising.
Ngokusho kwakhe ingcindezi idalwa yinqwaba yezinhlamvu ezikhona kule ndawo. Ikakhulukazi kusuka ezitshalweni zokugcina kanye nenqwaba yemfucuza. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinhlobo ezingelapheki ezisengozini zazivele zithinteke kusenesikhathi, okwakudingeka zishiswe ngazo. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kuthinta izinhlobo ezine-tuber setting zakuqala, okusho ukuthi ukuvunwa kusengenzeka. “Bathola okungenani amathani angama-30 kuye kwangama-40, kodwa lokho akusona isivuno esigcwele.”
Futhi funda: 'Ukuba (ngaphezulu) ukonga ekumelaneni ne-phytophthora ezinhlobonhlobo zamazambane eziqinile'
Unalo ithemba ngekusasa. Iningi lezinhlobo eziqinile ezingama-36 emkhakheni wesivivinyo zakhelwe ekumelaneni okukodwa noma ngaphezulu. Futhi lokho kunikezwa okuhlukahlukene kuzokhula ngokushesha. "Abalimi babambe iqhaza ngokuphelele kulokhu." Eminyakeni ezayo, izinhlobo eziqinile zezohwebo zizophinde zeqiswe, kuqiniswe futhi kwengezelele kokubili izakhi zofuzo kanye nezakhiwo zokuhweba (ezifana nokunambitha kanye nekhwalithi yokubhaka).
Isidingo sezinhlobo eziqinile siyakhula: Akubona abathengi (abamaDashi) kuphela, kodwa nabalimi abavamile bathola inani elengeziwe lalezi zinhlobonhlobo: lezi zinhlobonhlobo zidinga ukufafazwa okuncane (kaningi) ngokumelene ne-phytophthora. Izinhlobo eziqinile sezivele zilinywa cishe kumahektha angama-700 kulo nyaka futhi leso sabelo sikhula ngamaphesenti angamashumi minyaka yonke, kusho u-Eising. “Kuyindaba ewuchungechunge. Uma izindlu ezihwebayo zithanda, zizodayisa lezi zinhlobo emhlabeni wonke. Khona-ke amaphesenti amazambane aqinile azokhula kakhulu.”
Ukukhula kwezinhlobo ezithintekayo empeleni akukona lokho okuhlakaniphile, u-Eising uyavuma, kodwa ngokusho kwakhe akulula futhi ukuphenduka. "Amagama ahlukahlukene asephenduke amabhrendi, ikakhulukazi emakethe yetafula. Awukwazi ukuphula leyo ngxenye eyodwa-mbili-ntathu."
I-Phytophthora pressure nayo iphezulu ezinhlobonhlobo eziqinile
Ukubhekana nokudumaza, yilokho umeluleki u-Jacob Eising abiza inkundla yokuhlola izinhlobo zamazambane eziqinile e Zeewolde. Kulo nyaka ibomvu ngokwekhodi kubalimi bamazambane aphilayo. Izimo ezimanzi nezifudumele ziholela ekuhlaselweni okubi kakhulu kanye nokusabalala ngokushesha kwe-phytophthora. Inkambu yokuhlola e-Zeewolde ayibukeki njengoba ilindelekile, ingcindezi ye-spore iphezulu nalapha.
“Yebo, ngidumele,” kusho u-Eising. 'Izinhlobo eziningi ezingezwani ephepheni manje ziyehluleka. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi i-rutting iqala kamuva kakhulu kunezinhlobo ezithintekayo. Kufanele futhi sibhekane namaqiniso, ngoba kulo nyaka ingcindezi iphezulu kakhulu. Asikabi lapho, kodwa sisendleleni efanele.'
Kule nkathi, isidingo sezinhlobonhlobo eziqinile sibonakala ngokucacile. 'Amaphesenti amakhulu amaqabunga asefile', kusho u-Eising lapho ehlola uhlobo oluthile olungazweli. 'Sibona umonakalo omdala nomusha eqabungeni. Ukuhlasela okusha kuzosabalala emahoreni nezinsuku ezilandelayo uze ube neqabunga eliphelele elifile.' Ngenhlanhla, kukhona nezinhlobonhlobo ezihlangabezana nokulindelwe, ngoba kukhona isitshalo esiluhlaza ngezansi komgwaqo. U-Eising: 'Naphezu kokucindezela kwemvelo, lesi sitshalo sisenempilo ngokuphelele.'
