Muva nje, ekusungulweni kweCongress of the Republic, kumenyezelwe uMthetho No. 31920, okuhloswe ngawo ukuthi "Khuthaza futhi ukhuthaze umsebenzi wezolimo wokukhiqiza amazambane ngenhloso yokukhuthaza ukuhlinzekwa kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene etholakala ku-"Lokhu okwezimakethe ezahlukene, kanye nokukhuthaza ukuthunyelwa kwayo kwamanye amazwe, ngaleyo ndlela kudale inzuzo enkulu kubakhiqizi bamazambane." Kuboniswa ukuthi kuzoba nesikhathi esiyizinsuku eziyi-120 ukulungisa imithethonqubo yayo.
Ngokwejwayelekile, kubaluliwe imigqa yokusebenza elandelayo: usizo lobuchwepheshe kubakhiqizi bamazambane; isitifiketi sembewu yamazambane; ukusabalalisa kanye nemikhankaso yokuhlonza izimakethe; ukugqugquzelwa kwezinhlelo zokuxhasa ngezimali ukusungulwa kwezimboni zamazambane.
Ngokusho kolwazi oluvela ku-MIDAGRI, emkhankasweni ka-2021-2022 ukukhiqizwa kwamazambane kwakungamathani ayizigidi eziyisi-6. Ngokomthombo ofanayo, u-5.2% wokunikezwa kwamazambane usetshenziswa njengokufakwayo kwemisebenzi yezimboni (ama-flakes amazambane okuthosa, i-chuño emhlophe, ufulawa wamazambane ophekiwe futhi ongenamanzi, amazambane afriziwe alungisiwe).
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izingxenye ezintathu zemakethe yamazambane zenze inqubekelaphambili ethile ekuthuthukisweni nasekuhwebeni kwemikhiqizo egayiwe. Ngokusekelwe ku izinhlobo zomdabu (ezinemibala), ama-chips manje asethengiswa futhi athengiswa yizinkampani ezihlukahlukene emakethe yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe, futhi muva nje, i-vodka esekelwe ezinhlobonhlobo zomdabu yethulwe emakethe (okungenani kunezinhlobo ezimbili). eziqondiswe kakhulu ezimakethe zangaphandle. Nge izinhlobo eziphuzi (i-Tumbay ne-Peruanita), umkhiqizo ohlutshiwe, ophekwe ngaphambilini futhi oqandisiwe uthunyelwe iminyaka eminingana ezimakethe zasePeruvia phesheya.
Ezambaneni elimhlophe ingxenye , ngaphezu kwama-flakes asebenzise izinhlobo zasendaweni ezimhlophe iminyaka embalwa, amanye amaketango ezinkukhu manje alungisa amazambane aqandisiwe athosiwe ngezinto zokusetshenziswa zasendaweni. Kulokhu okungenhla kumele sengeze i i-white chuño (tunta) ukukhiqizwa nokucutshungulwa kwayo (okuye kwashintshashintsha) kugxile ezintabeni eziseningizimu futhi ingxenye enhle ithunyelwa eBolivia. Ekugcineni, singasho eminye imikhiqizo yobuciko efakwa ezimakethe zesifunda (isibonelo, amazambane omisiwe njengesisekelo se-carapulcra, i-tocosh, phakathi kokunye).
Naphezu kwalezi ntuthuko, asikwazi namanje ukusho ukuthi kukhona i-agroindustry esekelwe kumazambane enokuncintisana. Kunezinye izitshalo ezicubungula amazambane amhlophe nawomdabu, kodwa endabeni yamazambane aqandisiwe/aphekwe ngaphambilini, azikho izitshalo ezinkulu (okuningi kokucutshungulwa kwenziwa ngezinkonzo zenkontileka).
Kulolu hlaka, umbuzo uthi umthetho osanda kushicilelwa ungasiza yini ukuthuthukiswa kwaleli bhizinisi lezolimo. Iphuzu elidonsela ukunakwa ukuthi igxile kakhulu ekuhlinzekweni futhi ingakunaki ukucubungula ngokwako, okuwukhiye wokuthola imikhiqizo yekhwalithi edingwa izimakethe ezahlukene (indaba yokuxhasa ngezimali ngaphandle kokucacisa ukuthi ingahlanganisa ini). Le ndlela kufanele ihloselwe ukukhuthaza izinto ezintsha kulo lonke uchungechunge lokukhiqiza, ukucubungula, ukumaketha nokusetshenziswa, ukuze izinhlelo ezizimele zibuke lolu hlobo lokutshalwa kwezimali kahle.
Ngokunjalo, kufanele ucabange ngocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ecutshunguliwe ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zemakethe. Kungashiwo, isibonelo: ukudla okulula okunempilo okunezinongo zemvelo, imikhiqizo ye-confectionery, imikhiqizo yokubhaka engenayo i-gluten, iziphuzo ezisebenzayo (iziphuzo zamandla noma ukugubha okunomsoco), ukudla okusheshayo (amasobho noma ama-puree asekelwe kumazambane anemibala), imikhiqizo yezimonyo yemvelo, imikhiqizo. embonini yesiphuzo (ukuthatha isipiliyoni se-vodka njengesithenjwa), amazambane alungele ukupheka, imikhiqizo ebolayo (izikhwama).
Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi amathuba abanzi, esikhathini esifushane, izinjongo ezithile zingahlongozwa ukuthuthukisa intuthuko yamanje kanye nokucutshungulwa kwemikhiqizo esekelwe ezinhlobonhlobo zomdabu (okuhlanganisa izinhlobo eziphuzi) futhi sibone ukuthi ingxenye yamazambane ingenziwa kanjani ibe yesimanje. ezimbonini zezinkukhu lapho kunokuningi okufanele kwenziwe ngcono emazingeni okukhiqiza, ezohwebo kanye nokucubungula. Lapho imithethonqubo yalo mthetho ilungiswa, kufanele icatshangelwe ngendlela enengqondo yamaketango abalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukungenelela okusimeme ezixhumanisini ezahlukene.
Okokugcina, kufanele sigweme ukwenza amaphutha afanayo okuhlangenwe nakho okuye kwafuna ukukhuthaza ukuhweba kwezolimo ezindaweni zasemakhaya lapho, naphezu kwezimemezelo ezithandekayo zokuqala, zingahumusheli ukungenelela okubambekayo. Amacala amabili angashiwo.
Ngo-Agasti 2021, kwashicilelwa uMthetho Wokusungulwa Kwezimboni Zezolimo (uMthetho No. 31339), owawuphakamisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-National Agroindustrial Competitiveness Plan (COMPEAGRO), okungekho nqubekelaphambili yayo eyaziwa kuze kube manje. Esinye isibonelo uMthetho Wokuphromotha imisebenzi ekhiqizayo ezindaweni eziphakeme zase-Andean Umthetho No. 29482 (2008) owawufuna ukukhuthaza i-agroindustry yasemaphandleni (ezinkampanini ezitholakala ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-3,200 ngaphezu kolwandle) futhi ayizange ithole imiphumela ephathekayo. Asethembe ukuthi kulokhu kwehlukile futhi nemithethonqubo inikeza incazelo enhle kulo mthetho.