Ososayensi baseChina benze isizukulwane “semifino yamazambane emsulwa futhi evundile” enobuchwepheshe bokuhlela izakhi zofuzo empumelelweni enkulu.
Ukuhlolwa, okuholwa nguHuang Sanwen, umcwaningi we-Agricultural Genomics Institute e-Shenzhen (AGIS) ngaphansi kwe-Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), wasebenzisa ukwakheka kwezakhi zofuzo ukuguqula ukuzalanisa amazambane kusuka kwimodi ehamba kancane, engaqoqeki ibe yinto esheshayo- iterative eyodwa. Ukutadisha kwabo, okunesihloko esithi "Genome design of hybrid amazambane," kushicilelwe ku-inthanethi kwelinye lamaphephandaba ahamba phambili emhlabeni, Iseli, ngoLwesine.
Ngokungafani nezinye izitshalo, amazambane, isivuno se-tuber sikhuliswa ngokwedlulele kunokuba kusakazwe imbewu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukulima amazambane kubhekene nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi imijikelezo emide yokuzalanisa, ukusebenza kahle kokuzala, izifo nokuhlaselwa kwezilokazane, uHuang, umqondisi-jikelele we-AGIS, utshele iChina Media Group (CMG). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuba yinkimbinkimbi kofuzo lwayo, ukuthuthuka kofuzo kwamazambane kanye nenqubo yokuzalanisa kuhamba kancane, wengeza uHuang.
Izinhlobo eziningi zamazambane ezitshalwe kabanzi emhlabeni wonke zinamakhulu eminyaka ubudala. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlukahluka okuhlala iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu akusho ukuthi kuphelele. Ngokuphambene nalokho, “kunzima ukufuya, futhi abantu bayehluleka ukulima abazothatha indawo yabo,” uZhang Chunzhi, umbhali wokuqala wephepha locwaningo futhi oyilungu le-AGIS, utshele iThe Paper. Ukubhekana nezinselelo zokutshalwa kwamazambane, uHuang nethimba lakhe baqala uhlelo lwe- "Upotato Plan" ngo-2015, ngenhloso yokushintsha ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo ngezimbewu ezi-hybrid ngokusebenzisa ukwakheka kwe-genome nokwenza ngcono isivinini sokuzalisa amazambane nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
“Kumele siqale sixazulule inkinga yokungazwani, okuwukuthi amazambane awakhiqizi imbewu ngemuva kokuzitholela impova. Ngokukhethwa kwempahla nokuhlela izakhi zofuzo, siyibhekile ngempumelelo le nkinga saphinde sakhiqiza nembewu, ”kusho uHuang. “Khonamanjalo, sithole nokuthi singayithuthukisa kanjani impilo yezitshalo nokukhiphayo. Ngokwakhiwa kohlobo lofuzo, sisuse ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okuyingozi, sahlanganisa izakhi zofuzo ezinhle futhi ekugcineni satshala izinhlobo zamazambane ezibizwa ngokuthi 'Upotato NO. 1. ' Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, kukhombise ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu. ” Ucwaningo luwukuqala ukusetshenziswa komhlaba "kokuklama ufuzo" ekuzalaneni amazambane, ngokusho kweCAAS.
Ontanga yabo bamazwe omhlaba bawubonile umsebenzi weqembu. “Lo msebenzi ubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ubalulekile ekondleni umhlaba,” kusho uSofin Kamon, oyilungu le-European Academy of Sciences. “Okwenziwe nguSolwazi Huang nethimba lakhe bakubuyisile amazambane. Bavuselela isivuno cishe kwasekuqaleni. Ubuchwepheshe bamazambane obuzihlanganisile nobuchwepheshe bamazambane buyamangalisa impela maqondana nokuthatha isivuno samazambane esikhathini samanje sokuzala kwezitshalo. ”
Isivivinyo esithembisayo
Isilingo samazambane i- "Upotato No. 1" senziwa eningizimu-ntshonalanga nesifundazwe saseChina iYunnan ngoNovemba odlule. Umphumela utholakale ungaphezulu kakhulu kwalokho obekulindelwe kulo February. "Isivuno samazambane e-hybrid esizukulwane sokuqala sasiseduze namathani ama-3 nge-mu (cishe amathani angama-45 ngehektare), okulingana nokuvunwa kwezinhlobo zamazambane ezihamba phambili esifundeni," uZhang utshele i-CMG. "Manje sidinga kuphela amagremu ama-2 embewu yamazambane ezweni elilodwa le-mu, uma kuqhathaniswa nama-200 kilograms embewu yamazambane ngaphambili, okunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokutshala." Ngokwesinyathelo esilandelayo, abacwaningi bazoqinisa ucwaningo nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, ukulungiselela izimboni zezimbewu zamazambane, wanezela uZhang.
“Amazambane yisitshalo sezulu esipholile. Izinga lokushisa entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla liphezulu kakhulu eningizimu yeChina ukuze amazambane akhule, kanti isikhathi sasebusika ezindaweni ezisezintabeni eziseningizimu nakwezinye izifunda eziningi eChina sikulungele ukukhula kwamazambane, ”kusho uXiong Xingyao, iphini likamongameli wePotato Professional Ikomidi ngaphansi kwe- I-Crop Science Society yaseChina. “I-'Upotato Plan 'isixazulule inkinga yokudlulisa amazambane embewu ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene. Uma singakwazi ukusebenzisa amasimu asebusika angasebenzi eningizimu yeChina, kungasiza ekuxazululeni inkinga yokutholakala kokudla eChina, ”kusho uXiong.