Inqubomgomo kamanyolo, imithetho emenyezelwe ngomongo wezolimo olujikelezayo kanye nezindleko ezikhuphukayo zikamanyolo nazo ziletha abalimi abalimayo izinselele ezintsha. Ngesikhathi se-webinar mayelana nomanyolo, ehlelwe yi-National Experimental Garden Precision Agriculture (NPPL) kanye ne-Farm of the Future, umhlanganyeli we-NPPL kanye nomqondisi we-LTO uKlaas Schenk wayeyingxenye yephaneli.
Uveze ukuthi lesi simo esisha siphoqa lo mkhakha ukuthi ubhekane namaqiniso, kodwa manje awuboni sizathu sokulungisa uhlelo lokufaka umanyolo epulazini lawo. Nokho, uyaqhubeka nokukhuluma, isibonelo nesitshalo sokuhlanza indle. "Imithombo yamaminerali ilinganiselwe futhi kuyihlazo ukukhipha konke olwandle." Ngochungechunge lwemibuzo yolwazi mayelana nezolimo ezijikelezayo, umholi wephaneli uPieter de Wolf (umholi wephrojekthi owenza ezolimo ziqhubeke isikhathi eside e-WUR) wachaza ukuthi umjikelezo wezakhamzimba ubukeka kanjani. Kanye noTom Hendrickx (CropSolutions), uchaze imiphumela yezinhlelo zenqubomgomo zamapulazi alimekayo.
Ukugcina izinto eziphilayo
Iphaneli livumile ukuthi abalimi abalimayo babhekene nenselele lapho, ngenxa yezinqubomgomo ezintsha zomquba kanye nokunciphisa inani lemfuyo, bengasebenzisa umquba wezilwane omncane futhi kudingeke bakhethe uhlelo lwezitshalo olubanzi. Inselele enkulu ukugcina izinga lezinto eziphilayo.
Okwesibili ukuthuthukiswa kwezinye izindlela esikhundleni sikamanyolo. Ngokusho kukaSchenk, ingxoxo kufanele igxile kakhulu kulokhu, ngoba lezi zindlela ezingasetshenziswa okwamanje zibiza kakhulu, azitholakali ngokwanele futhi zilinganiselwe ekusetshenzisweni.
Abahlanganyeli abayi-150 ekhaya nabo baphendule esitatimendeni. Ngokuphathelene nokwengezwa kwezinto eziphilayo, kwakhethwa ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zomquba. Ukukhiqiza izinto eziphilayo ngokwakho (ukutshala izitshalo ezingasebenzi nokufaka izinsalela zezitshalo) kwalandela, kwalandela ukutshalwa kwemifino ukuze kulungiswe i-nitrogen.
Inketho yesibili ingafakwa ngenxa yohlelo lwesenzo lwesi-7 oluyi-Nitrates Directive. Lapha uSchenk uthi le nqubomgomo ayihambisani nomkhuba. "Isiqondiso sokulungisa uhlelo lokwakha sinemiphumela emikhulu kwezomnotho, ngaphezu kwalokho, asidingeki nhlobo enhlabathini yobumba. Imithetho kufanele yenziwe ezingeni lendawo, ukuze wonke umuntu abe nendawo yokwenza ibhizinisi."
Sebenzisa kabusha imfucuza
UWim van Dijk (umcwaningi wezakhamzimba kanye ne-WUR yenhlabathi) uxoxe ngohlelo lokufaka umanyolo ngokuningiliziwe, ehlanganyela uhlelo njengoba lubekwe ePulazini Lesikhathi Esizayo. Uphinde wakhuluma ngegebe emjikelezweni, ukugeleza kwabantu. E-WUR E-Lelystad, kusetshenziswa i-struvite: i-phosphate ekhishwa emanzini angcolile yizitshalo zokuhlanza amanzi. Kodwa futhi notshwala obuyi-blowdown, umanyolo owuketshezi oqukethe i-nitrogen ye-ammoniacal futhi ovela ezihlahleni zomoya ezitebeleni.
Abahlanganyeli ekhaya babone kusengaphambili izinkinga eziningi ekukhipheni i-struvite ezinsaleleni zemithi nama-hormone. Ngokusho kukaSchenk, sekuvele kubiza kakhulu futhi ngenxa yalokho kuzobiza kakhulu. "Ngobuchwepheshe kungenzeka futhi uma izimo, kodwa futhi nezimakethe kanye namanani emikhiqizo kushintsha, kufanelekile ukutadisha."
Kunalokho ubona ikusasa lodaka nokugaya. Kodwa futhi wabhukha lapha. “I-drain lye isetshenziswa uma sekukhona isivuno kakade, ngoba kumele imuncwe ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke ayisebenzi njengomanyolo oyisisekelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucubungula nokucubungula umquba kudinga amandla amaningi. Akufanele sixazulule inkinga eyodwa yezakhamzimba bese sidala enye inkinga yemvelo.” Isiphetho kwaba ukuthi umkhakha kumele uvumelane nezimo, kodwa leyo nqubomgomo kumele ivumelane nezimo, ngokunaka kakhulu okwenzekayo kulo mkhakha.
Imibono
Ngo-2021, kwase kuthunyelwe izinto ezintsha ezingu-34. Eminingi yale mibono yayisekelwe ekuthuthukiseni izimiso ezaziwayo njengokunciphisa indawo yokuxhumana, ukumboza imichilo nokushintsha ukwakheka komanyolo. Njengamanje, cishe abafakizicelo abayisithupha babheka ukuthi ukuhlolwa kuzokwenziwa yini nokuthi kanjani.
Izinto ezintsha zingathunyelwa njalo ngewebhusayithi ethi www.bemestopznbest.nl. Umjikelezo wesibili wokuhlola uzobanjelwa ehlobo elizayo.
Ubuchwepheshe kanye nokusebenza
Umanyolo ongcono kakhulu ugxile kakhulu ezindaweni zotshani. Ngakho-ke kugxilwe ekulimeni ubisi. Yilapho-ke kungenziwa khona inzuzo enkulu. Uhlelo luphinde lugxile ekusetshenzisweni komanyolo ngomshini; ngakho-ke uhlelo aluphathelene nezinyathelo zokudla noma izinyathelo esibayeni.
Inhloso yalolu hlelo ukuletha intuthuko kumasu nezimiso ezikhona kanye nezimiso ezintsha ezingaba khona.
Ukusebenza ndawonye
Izifiso ziphakeme kanti izintshisekelo ziphakeme. Imiphumela yangempela ingatholakala kuphela ndawonye. Ngakho-ke izinto ezintsha zivela ngokusobala emakethe. Abalimi, osonkontileka kanye nabakhi bemishini ikakhulukazi bamenywa ukuthi bathumele imibono yabo. Lapho befisa khona, izinto ezintsha ziphathwa ngasese. Amaqembu amabili azimele ochwepheshe ahlola ngokucophelela okufakiwe. Lolu hlelo lusiza abafakizicelo bemibono ethembisayo ukuthi bahlole futhi bathuthukise izinto ezintsha.
Ukubambisana
Ukufaka umquba ku-Best yayo kwenziwa ngokubambisana phakathi kweWageningen University & Research (WUR), Nutrient Management Institute (NMI) kanye neLouis Bolk Institute (LBI), RIVM, TNO, iFlemish Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Research (ILVO). ) kanye neDelphy. Kukhona futhi ukubambisana nabeluleki bebhizinisi abakhuthele ekulimeni ubisi. Kukhona ukubambisana okuvamile namaqembu anentshisekelo, ikakhulukazi iCumela, iFedecom kanye ne-LTO. Isifiso ukusebenzisa lonke ulwazi oluthile kanye nolwazi lwala maqembu ukuze kwenziwe umehluko wangempela esimweni sezulu kanye nabo bonke abahilelekile ndawonye.
Lolu hlelo luxhaswe yi-Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (LNV). Lwaqala ngoJulayi 2021 futhi luzoqhubeka kuze kube ngu-2024.
