Inkinga yase-Ukraine ingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu ngamanani kamanyolo. Okuthintekayo yi-ammonium nitrate, i-phosphorus ne-potash. Ukuphazamiseka kokuthekelisa kanye nezijeziso zaseYurophu kuzonciphisa kakhulu ukunikezwa.
Esontweni eledlule, amanani kamanyolo emakethe yomhlaba yayiwile. Ithenda encane yaseNdiya ibangele ukuthi amanani kamanyolo we-urea ehle kakhulu. Kodwa manje konke kubuzwa futhi : Imiphumela yengxabano yezikhali oLwandle Olumnyama ibucayi futhi ithinta izindawo eziningi.
Amanani kawoyela ongahluziwe negesi yemvelo asevele ekhuphuke kakhulu. Imithelela yokuhlinzekwa kukakolweni, ummbila kanye nebhali emhlabeni jikelele ibalulekile uma kubhekwa isisindo sawo womabili la mazwe kulezi zimakethe. Angafundwa ngokuqondile emananini akhuphukayo okusanhlamvu. UMarc Zribi, inhloko yomnyango wokusanhlamvu esikhungweni sezolimo saseFrance i-FranceAgriMer, utshele ingosi yezolimo i-terre-net emhlanganweni ukuthi ubungozi besikhashana uma kuba nokungqubuzana bubalulekile.
NgokukaZribi, iRussia ibamba amaphesenti angu-13 ohwebo lomhlaba wonke ngemikhiqizo ephakathi kukamanyolo kanye namaphesenti angu-16 ohwebo ngomanyolo osuphelile. Imiphumela iba mibi nakakhulu uma ukuthekelisa ammonium nitrate . I-Brazil ikakhulukazi ingase ibhekane nezinkinga ezinkulu, njengoba izwe laseNingizimu Melika lithenga cishe u-60% wezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zaseRussia.
I-Russia yenza isamba esingama-40% okuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-ammonium nitrate emhlabeni jikelele. Ingxenye ebalulekile yayo iya eYurophu. Njengoba i-17% yomthamo wokuhweba womhlaba wonke, iRussia iphinde ibe ngumphakeli obalulekile wama-phosphates kanye nomanyolo we-phosphorus.
Ukunikezwa kwe-potash yomhlaba wonke kusengozini - kanye nengozi enkulu yokwehluleka
Okokugcina, izingozi ezinkulu ze- ukunikezwa kwe-potash futhi kufanele zesatshwe. Lapha, eRussia Belarus , yenza cishe u-20% womthamo wokuhweba emhlabeni wonke, kusho u-Zribi. Brazil, China , I-India, i-Indonesia kanye ne-United States, okuhlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zokungeniswa kwe-potash emhlabeni jikelele, izothinteka ngokuqondile uma kwenzeka unswinyo.
"Sekukonke, ukungqubuzana kungabhebhethekisa ukukhuphuka kwamanani kamanyolo," kusho imenenja yophiko lokusanhlamvu eFrance Agirmer. Ukuba yimbi kwenkinga nakho kungaba nomthelela ekuhambeni kokuhamba. Kunoma yikuphi, kuzoba nezikhathi ezinde zokulethwa, ukuchezuka kwezokuthutha kanye nezindleko ezikhuphuka kakhulu zokuthutha olwandle kanye nomshwalense.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka kube nokungaqiniseki okusha kwezomthetho ezinkontileka, ngengozi yokungakhokhi ngenxa "ye-force majeure" uma kwenzeka impi. Ukungqubuzana okuvulekile kuphinde kuholele ekuphazamisekeni okukhulu emijikelezweni yezezimali yamazwe ngamazwe. Ekugcineni, kuphinde kube nobungozi bokuthi abadayisi abakhulu babuyela kunqubomgomo yokuthengwa kwempahla ehluke ngokuphelele nasekuzitholeleni ezabo izimpahla zezolimo, okungase kufake ingcindezi eyengeziwe ezimakethe.
Imiphumela ebonakalayo ezimakethe zokusanhlamvu namanani okudla
Ukungezwani nakho kungase kuholele ekunyukeni okwengeziwe kwamanani ezinto zezolimo, kuhlanganiswe nobungozi obukhulu bokuphepha kokudla emazweni amaningi ngenxa yezizathu zentengo nokutholakala, kuchaza uMarc Zribi.
Uma izingozi ezinkulu zokungqubuzana zithinta amachweba oLwandle i-Azov, ahlanganisa kuphela i-6% yevolumu yemikhiqizo yezolimo ethunyelwa yi-Ukraine, i-70% yezimpahla ezizothunyelwa zithunyelwa ngesitimela ukuya emachwebeni oLwandle Olumnyama futhi ziyingozi enkulu kakhulu. uma kwenzeka impi yadalulwa. Esimeni esibi kakhulu, iRussia yasempumalanga ye-Ukraine ingaphuca izwe lonke u-30% webhali kanye no-40% wokukhiqizwa kukabhekilanga, ukolweni nommbila, uchwepheshe waseFrance ukholelwa.
Akuwona womabili la mazwe anomthwalo wemfanelo ku-30% womhlaba jikelele ukolweni nebhali ezithunyelwa ngaphandle , kodwa iRussia ne-Ukraine nazo zihlinzeka cishe ngamaphesenti angama-80 kawoyela kabhekilanga emhlabeni wonke. Nokunye okuningi.