Umlando Ocebile Wokulima Kwamazambane e-Afghanistan
Amazambane awukudla okuyisisekelo ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, futhi i-Afghanistan injalo. Lesi sitshalo esisebenziseka ngezindlela eziningi futhi esinomsoco sinomlando omude nothakazelisayo ezweni, lapho sekungamakhulu eminyaka silinywa. Ake sihlolisise umlando wokutshalwa kwamazambane e-Afghanistan.
Amazambane aqala ukutholwa e-Afghanistan ngekhulu le-19, ngesikhathi sokubusa kweNkosi u-Dost Mohammad Khan. Lesi sitshalo salethwa kuleli zwe ngabakhi bamakoloni baseBrithani ababekhulisa ithonya labo esifundeni. Kodwa-ke, ukwamukelwa kokuqala kwamazambane ngama-Afghan kwakusivivi. Lesi sitshalo sasibhekwa njengesixakile futhi singaphandle, futhi abantu abaningi babekusola ukubaluleka kwaso komsoco.
Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-Afghan aqala ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwamazambane njengesitshalo esinokwethenjelwa nesiqinile. Amazambane alungele isimo sezulu sase-Afghanistan esinzima futhi esomile, futhi angatshalwa cishe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenhlabathi. Futhi zineshelufu isikhathi eside, okuzenza zibe umthombo wokudla obalulekile phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika lapho imikhiqizo emisha iyindlala.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ukutshala amazambane kwase kuwumkhuba ojwayelekile e-Afghanistan. Lesi sitshalo satshalwa ngobuningi, futhi ngokushesha saba ukudla okuyisisekelo ekudleni kwase-Afghan. Amazambane ayesetshenziswa ezitsheni ezihlukahlukene zendabuko, njenge-aloo gosht, isitshulu esimnandi esenziwe ngenyama namazambane.
Ngesikhathi seSoviet, ukutshalwa kwamazambane e-Afghanistan kwathuthukiswa futhi kwanwetshwa. Uhulumeni waseSoviet unikeze ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kwezolimo, futhi kwasungulwa izindlela eziningi zokulima nobuchwepheshe besimanje. Lokhu kwaholela ekwenyukeni kokukhiqizwa kwamazambane futhi kwenza isilimo sifinyeleleke kalula kubalimi ezweni lonke.
Ngeshwa, ukuba khona kwamaSoviet e-Afghanistan kwakunezinkinga zakho. Impi ende nenesihluku eyayiphakathi kukahulumeni owawusekelwa yiSoviet namaqembu ahlukahlukene amavukelambuso yacekela phansi ingqalasizinda nomnotho wezwe. Lokhu kwaholela ekwehleni kokulinywa kwamazambane, njengoba abalimi abaningi baxoshwa futhi bengakwazi ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi wabo.
Naphezu kwalezi zinselelo, ukutshala amazambane kuseyingxenye ebalulekile yezolimo zase-Afghan. Namuhla, amazambane atshalwa ngobuningi, futhi asaqhubeka ewukudla okuyisisekelo ekudleni kwase-Afghan. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhulumeni wase-Afghan ukubonile ukubaluleka kwezolimo futhi usanda kwethula imizamo eminingana okuhloswe ngayo ukukhuthaza izindlela zokulima ezisimeme nesimanje.
Sengiphetha, umlando wokutshalwa kwamazambane e-Afghanistan uwubufakazi bokuqina nobuhlakani babantu base-Afghan. Naphezu kokubhekana nezinselele eziningi, baye baqhubeka behlakulela lesi sitshalo esiyigugu, esiye saba nendima enkulu emasikweni nasekuphekeni kwabo. Ngokusekelwa okuqhubekayo kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali, ukutshalwa kwamazambane e-Afghanistan sekumi ngomumo ukuqhubeka nokuchuma nokubamba iqhaza ekukhuleni komnotho kanye nokudla okunomsoco wezwe.