Umlimi uLeonid Kichigin uvuna isivuno esikhulu minyaka yonke, futhi manje uhlose ukunikeza lesi sifunda imbewu yamazambane engenamagciwane. Kulo nyaka, i-laboratory yokusabalalisa izitshalo ezincane izokwethulwa epulazini labalimi.
Lapho abalimi bekhula uhlobo olufanayo lwamazambane, kancane kancane balahlekelwa umthamo wezitshalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amazambane aqoqa inqwaba yezifo. Imvamisa, ngenxa yamagciwane, izinhlobo ezibalulekile ziyasuswa ekukhiqizeni.
Umlimi uLeonid Kichigin uphakamise isisombululo sakhe kule nkinga. Ipulazi lakhe manje selifakiwe kwirejista yesifunda yamapulazi ayisisekelo esifundeni i-Angara agro-industrial complex. Ngokubambisana negatsha lesifunda leFederal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr", umlimi ubelokhu ekhulisa ukukhiqiza imbewu eyinhloko iminyaka eminingi, efunda izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamazambane.
- Esifundeni sase-Irkutsk kunamazwe amaningi atheleleke nge-potato nematode yegolide. Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva, sekuvele kukhona cishe amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-60 kubo, ikakhulukazi umkhakha ozimele. Abahlali basehlobo nabalimi bangaxazulula le nkinga ngosizo lokukhiqizwa kwembewu engenagciwane, kusho uLeonid Kichigin. - Ekupheleni kwehlobo, sizokwethula elebhu yethu yokusabalalisa izitshalo ezincane ezincane ukuze sithole imbewu yokuzala kakhulu. Ilabhorethri izosiza ukwethula inqubo yokwenza ngcono izitshalo ezidingeka kakhulu kubalimi, kufaka phakathi ama-strawberry, ama-strawberry asendle, ama-raspberry.
Ngenxa yokuphela kwentwasahlobo nemvula ekuqaleni kwehlobo, umlimi usanda kuqeda umkhankaso wokuhlwanyela. Unamahektha ayi-1,500 asetshenziswayo, afaka imifino - amahektha angama-70, amazambane - amahektha ayi-180, enye indawo ihlala izitshalo zokusanhlamvu - ukolweni nebhali. Indlela yesayensi yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqoqa amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10 emifino.
- Kusesekuseni kakhulu ukwenza izibikezelo. Kepha amazambane, izaqathe kanye nama-beet akuyona inkinga. Isimo sezulu asisihle neze ku-anyanisi, udinga ukushisa. Ake sibone ukuthi kwenzekani ngokulandelayo, - kusho umlimi.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwamapulazi abalimi kwakusekelwa yiphrojekthi yokutshala imali, ngaphakathi kohlaka okwakungahle kwandiswe indawo yezitshalo zemifino, kutholakale imishini yesimanje, imigqa yokulungiswa okuyisisekelo nokugcinwa kwemifino.
ULeonid Kichigin akasetshenziselwa ukuthembela emvelweni ebhizinisini lakhe. Noma kunjalo, ukulima eSiberia kuyingozi enkulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokunisela kusiza umlimi ukuthi athole isivuno esiqinisekisiwe. Ngenxa yokubamba iqhaza ohlelweni lukahulumeni mayelana nokubuyiselwa komhlaba emapulazini abalimi, indawo yomhlaba oniselwa ngenkasa izokwenyuka iye kumahektha ayi-1250.
“Ngonyaka odlule, amahektha angama-250 omhlaba oniselwayo asakazwa, kulo nyaka – amahektha angama-360,” kuchaza umlimi.
Ngaphansi kohlelo lukahulumeni, imishini emikhulu yokunisela ithengwa emapulazini abalimi, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukusebenzisa ukuchelela okufafazayo. Ukusatshalaliswa komswakama okulinganayo kwenzeka futhi umbuso wamanzi omuhle wenziwa emasimini.
– Siphinde sisebenzise i-drip irrigation. Yilapho umanyolo wamaminerali ungena emhlabathini kanye namanzi. Ukukhuphuka komswakama ngale ndlela kuncane, kuyilapho impande ithola zonke izakhi zomzimba ezidingekayo, kuchaza umlimi.
ULeonid Kichigin uthe akanazo izinkinga ngokudayiswa kwemikhiqizo ekhiqiziwe; okwamanje, izingxoxo ziyaqhubeka mayelana nokusebenzisana ne-Slata retail chain. Ngakho-ke, isivuno esisha samazambane, izaqathe, ama-beet no-anyanisi sizotholakala ezitolo ezinkulu kulokhu kuwa.
AbakwaLeonid Kichigin's Ipulazi, kanye neFederal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" esifundeni sase-Irkutsk, lithuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwembewu yalo eyinhloko, lihlanganyela ocwaningweni oluhlukahlukene lwamazambane. Ilabhorethri yokusabalalisa izitshalo ezincanyana, ehlukile esifundeni, kuhloswe ngayo ukwenza ucwaningo lokutshalwa kwamazambane angenalo igciwane, okufanele abe yimbangi yamaDashi. Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza isikhathi eside, amazambane aqoqa izifo, ikakhulukazi igciwane, okuholela ekuwohlokeni kwawo. Umuthi wokugomela igciwane lemifino, ngeshwa, awukasungulwa.
Ilabhorethri entsha izokhiqiza izinkulungwane zezitshalo zokuhlola amashubhu amazambane angenazintsholongwane unyaka ngamunye ngaphansi kwezimo eziyinyumba ezingeni lamangqamuzana. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuzalanisa, umugqa ngamunye uhlolwe amagciwane. Impahla engenazo izokwamukelwa ukuze ixhunywe ngokulandelayo nokusabalalisa.