I-Potato cyst nematode (PCN) iyinambuzane eyinhloko yase-UK yamazambane. Cishe u-65% womhlaba osetshenziselwa ukutshala amazambane utheleleke nge-PCN. Ukulawula i-PCN, abalimi njengamanje bathembele enhlanganisweni yamasu afaka phakathi; amakhemikhali ayingozi emvelweni, enweba ukushintshana ukuze amazambane atshalwe kuphela eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili, noma kukhethwe izinhlobo ezingamelana nazo.
Ngohlelo lwe-Innovative Farmers, abalimi abane abatholakala eShropshire naseLancashire babheka enye indlela yokulawula esebenzisa izitshalo ezaziwa njengezitshalo zokubamba ezivikela izinambuzane ngokwemvelo. Basebenzisane no-Andrew Wade (OptiGro), u-Ivan Grove (ozimele), u-Matthew Back (i-Harper Adams University) no-Anne Stone (amazambane e-AHDB) ukuze bahlanganyele ukwenza isilingo esisebenzayo sendlela engcono kakhulu yokusungula izilimo zomgibe enhlabathini yase-UK.
Ngabe zisebenza kanjani izingibe ze-PCN?
Izitshalo zezicupho zichazwa kangcono ngokuthi 'zikhohlisa' kunokuba 'zibambe' izitshalo. Amakhemikhali akhishwe ezimpandeni zezitshalo ezicijile abonisa ukuba khona kokudla okufanele futhi abangela ukuthi ama-nematode aqhamuke endaweni yawo yokucasha ephephile ku-cyst. Ama-nematode aqala ukondla izimpande zezitshalo ezicuphile esikhundleni samazambane, ngaphambi kokunqampuna amazambane. Inzuzo ephindwe kabili itholakala ngalokhu kulawula - ngokusebenzisa lesi sitshalo, esikhundleni sesitshalo sazo samazambane, ama-nematode akakwazi ukuqongelela amandla anele okuzala futhi aqedele umjikelezo wempilo yawo, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise amathuba okugcwala okulandelayo emhlabathini.
Icala
Ukusungula izitshalo ezingama-potato cyst nematode
Abalimi bamba izimbewu zezitshalo ezicijile ngasekupheleni kukaJuni / ekuqaleni kukaJulayi, ngemuva nje kokuvuna okusanhlamvu, futhi ukuhlwanyelwa kwesibili kwenzeka ngenyanga eyodwa ngemuva kokuqala. Izinhlobo ezimbili zezilimo zomgibe zisetshenzisiwe - iSolanum sisymbriifolium (i-nightshade enamathelayo) kanye neSolanum scabrum (i-African nightshade). S. sisymbriifolium inganciphisa ukuqina kwe-PCN ize ifike ku-80% kepha kube nzima ukusungula ngaphakathi emkhakheni. S. ukusekwa nokusetshenziswa kukakhokho akuqondakali kahle e-UK, kepha kuvela ezindaweni ezishisayo nezindawo eziphakeme, ngakho-ke kungafaneleka kangcono kuma-climes ase-UK.
Iqembu lacabanga ukuthi ukuhlwanyela okujulile kungasebenza kangcono kunokungajulile, ngakho-ke banqume ukuqhathanisa ukusungulwa kusuka ekujuleni okubili kokutshala: 1.5cm no-3cm. Lezi zilimo ezinomsoco azikhethwanga ezizukulwaneni eziningi ukuzenza zikulungele ukulinywa; kunalokho, ziyizitshalo zasendle ezisanda kufakwa. Endle, imbewu enjalo yayizokhula ngaphakathi kwezithelo zayo, noma ngaphakathi kobulongwe bezilwane. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi silindele ukuthi izimbewu ezincane zibholwe zingashoni; zivame ukwehluleka ukuvela.
Lisebenzisa amakhamera aphethwe ngesandla nama-drones, leli qembu lilinganisa ikhava yezitshalo zomgibe futhi labelana ngalokhu ngeqembu labo le-WhatsApp nasemihlanganweni. Ukubalwa kwe-PCN kwathathwa ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela isivuno sogibe futhi kuzofaniswa ngemuva kokubhujiswa kwezilimo zomgibe.
Ukutholwa kokuqala
Kuze kube manje, imilayezo yokubuyela ekhaya ukuthi ukuhlwanyela phambilini, ukugwema inhlabathi enamanzi amaningi kanye namazinga aphezulu okutshala kubonakala kuphumelela kakhulu. Ukusungulwa kwezilimo kuye kwahluka kakhulu phakathi kwamapulazi, kodwa isimanga somxhumanisi welebhu yasensimini, u-Andrew Wade, S. sisymbriifolium otshalwe ku-1.5cm ukujula kunesembozo somhlabathi esiphakeme kunazo zonke, “Bengicabanga ukuthi utwayi luyoba namandla kakhulu nge-biomass eningi. Ngihlukane nokuqulwa kwecala, ngatshala inkalakatha eceleni. Lokho bekungomhlaka 1 Juni futhi kwenze kahle impela. Ngakho-ke kungadingeka ukuthi kube nezinga eliphakeme lokuhlwanyela - zombili zahlwanyelwa ngezinga elifanayo lembewu ecaleni. ” Okutholakele nakho kungaphikisa umbono weqembu wokuthi ukuhlwanyela okujulile kungasebenza kangcono kunokungajulile.
Buka ividiyo yakamuva yokuqhubeka kwezitshalo lapha.
IVydate Ban
The ukulahlekelwa kokugcina kwemvume yeVydate, umuthi wokubulala izinambuzane osetshenziselwa ukulawula i-potato cyst nematode (PCN), ngomhlaka 31 Disemba uletha ilebhu yasensimini exhaswe yi-AHDB ekugxileni kakhulu njengoba abalimi abaningi bamazambane befuna ezinye izindlela. Abalimi baseShropshire naseLancashire babheka ukusebenza kahle kokutshala izitshalo zokubamba ukulawula i-nematode. “Kusemqoka kakhulu ukuba nokulawulwa kwezinambuzane eziphilayo ngokulahleka kweVydate - besazi ukuthi kuyeza kodwa mhlawumbe hhayi ngokushesha okukhulu. Sekuyiminyaka engama-20 ngihlela ukuthi ingxenye yecebo lami kuzoba ukufaka isicupho phakathi kokushintshana kwethu epulazini, ”kusho uNeil Furniss, umphathi eME Furniss & Sons eShropshire.