Abacwaningi abavela e-St. Petersburg Federal Research Centre ye-Russian Academy of Sciences (SPb FRC RAS) baye bahlakulela indlela yokuthola ama-humic acid avela ku-organic lake sediments (sapropel), esebenza njengomthombo wokudala izidakamizwa ezandisa isivuno sezitshalo. Ama-Acids atholwe ku-sapropel abe ngcono ezicini zawo eziyinhloko kunama-analogue akhona, ahlukaniswe ngokhuni, amalahle noma i-peat. Imiphumela yomsebenzi yashicilelwa kujenali yesayensi i- Agriculture Digitalization and Organic Production.
I-Sapropel (igama lesiGreki elithi “clay silt”) iyinhlabathi engaphansi eyakhiwe ngezinsalela zezinto eziphilayo ezihlukahlukene (izitshalo namaplankton). Lezi zinto zinenani lezinto ezinomphumela omuhle ekukhiqizeni kwezitshalo. Inzuzo ye-sapropel isekutheni iqukethe inqwaba yezinhlanganisela ezibalulekile zemvelo yamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-metabolism yezitshalo nokondleka kwamagciwane enhlabathini, okuhlanganisa ama-humic acid nama-fulvic acid. Lezi zingxenyana ezimbili ziqukethe amavithamini, ama-microelements nezinye izinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo zohlobo olufana ne-hormone.
Kodwa-ke, ama-sediments angaphansi angelashwa angakha ifilimu ekhethekile evimbela ukungena kwe-oksijini emhlabathini, okuholela ekulimazeni kwezitshalo, futhi indawo iqala ukugcwala amanzi. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo ama-sapropels, kuyadingeka ukuwahlanza ngokuphelele ezinhlobonhlobo zokungcola.
"Senze inqubo eyasivumela ukuthi sihlanze ama-sapropels futhi sihlukanise izingxenye ezimbili ze-organic compounds - i-humic ne-fulvic acid. Namuhla, lezi zinto zisetshenziswa kabanzi njengesisekelo sezithako zemvelo ezandisa isivuno sezitshalo ze-symbiocultures, ”kusho u-Yan Pukhalsky, umcwaningi omncane e-St. Petersburg Federal Research Center ye-Russian Academy of Sciences.
Amasampula ocwaningo aqoqwe phakathi nohambo oluye lwenziwa eminyakeni emibili edlule emachibini esifundeni sasePskov ngaphansi kokuqondisa kuka-Aleksey Mityukov, umcwaningi oholayo eLabhorethri Yezinkinga Eziyinkimbinkimbi Ze-Limnology eSt. Petersburg Federal Research Center we-Russian Academy of Sciences.
Ukuhlukanisa izinto eziwusizo kumasampula e-sapropel aqoqwe ohambweni, abacwaningi baye bahlakulela ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile. Okokuqala, amasampula ahlanjululwa ekungcoleni kusetshenziswa iyunithi ye-ultrasonic, eyadalwa ngaphambilini ososayensi abavela eSt. Petersburg Federal Research Center ye-Russian Academy of Sciences. Khona-ke, izingxenye ezidlulele zahlukaniswa kusetshenziswa uchungechunge lwe-acid-base extraction (ososayensi basebenzisa ingxube ye-pyrophosphate, i-sulfuric ne-nitric acid ngesilinganiso esithile). Ngenxa yalokho, kwatholakala izingxenyana ze-humic ne-fulvic acid, lapho abacwaningi benza khona ukuhlaziya okuphelele okuyisisekelo kanye ne-biochemical.
Imiphumela yalo msebenzi ibonise ukuthi okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni - le nkomba ingenye yemingcele eyinhloko ewusizo ekudalweni kwezithasiselo zokwandisa ukukhiqiza - kuma-humic acid atholakala ku-sapropel cishe ngama-28%. Nakuba ubuchwepheshe obufanayo, ngosizo lapho ama-humic acid ahlanganiswa ngenkuthalo namuhla ngokhuni, amalahle kanye ne-peat, abonisa ukuhlushwa kwekhabhoni ezingeni lika-18 kuya ku-20%.
“Ngakho-ke, sinikeza ubuchwepheshe bokuthola izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisebenza kahle zokukhiqiza izitshalo endaweni evaliwe nevulekile. Isikhwama se-sapropelic deposits emanzini aseNyakatho-Ntshonalanga yeRussia kuphela sikhulu kakhulu, kodwa manje sesishiywe noma sisathuthukiswa kabi. Ukukhishwa kwayo akuyona nje isithakazelo sokuhweba, kodwa ezimweni eziningi kusebenza njengendlela yokuvikela imvelo (imvelo) evumela ukuthi uhlanze futhi ujulise ukugeza kwechibi, "kusho uSvyatoslav Loskutov, umcwaningi we-laboratory ye-hydrochemistry ye-St. Isikhungo Sokucwaninga se-Russian Academy of Sciences.
Imiphumela yocwaningo yethulwe ku-VII International Conference on Humic Innovative Technologies “Humic Substances and Survival Technologies” (HIT-2022).