Kuzokwazi ukulondoloza nokwandisa ukuvunda komhlabathi ngosizo lokubikezela isimo sezulu. Ngale njongo, ithimba lamazwe ngamazwe labacwaningi abavela ku-REC "Greater Altai" yase-Altai State University kanye neSikhungo Sokucwaninga Nokukhiqiza Sokulima Okusanhlamvu. I-AI Baraeva (Kazakhstan) ithuthukise ngokuhlanganyela isevisi ehlaziya ngokuzenzakalela izinto ezivela eziteshini zesimo sezulu. Ulwazi olutholiwe, ngokochwepheshe, luzosiza abakhiqizi bezolimo ukuthi bavumelane nezimo ezithile futhi bathuthukise izindlela zesimanje zokulima. Ukukhiqiza kwamabhizinisi anjalo kuzoba nomthelela emnothweni nasenhlalakahleni yezwe, kusho ososayensi. Abathuthukisi bamemezele lokhu.
Izitayela ezingezinhle
Ngokusho kososayensi baseKazakhstan, eminyakeni yamuva nje isimo sezulu sishintshile ezweni - intwasahlobo nehlobo liye lashisa, kanti intwasahlobo inomoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe baphawula ukushintsha ekusabalaliseni kwemvula yasebusika nehlobo. Ingxenye yokuqala yobusika yaba neqhwa elincane, futhi izimvula ezidingwa amasimu ngoJuni manje ziza kamuva. Konke lokhu kunomthelela omubi ekukhiqizeni, ukufuywa kwezilwane kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo.
Isiteshi sezulu esizenzakalelayo sokufunda i-agroclimate - Sputnik Kazakhstan, 1920, 06/14/2022
Isiteshi sezulu esizenzakalelayo sokufunda i-agroclimate
“Eshumini leminyaka elidlule, besibona ushintsho olukhulu esimweni sezulu. Lokhu kungenxa yenguquko yesu lomsebenzi wezobuchwepheshe we-agronomists. Kudingeka zilungiswe ezimweni zezulu ezintsha. Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu okubukhali kanje kuyinselelo yesimanje ezothinta kakhulu umnotho wamazwe,” kusho inhloko yelabhorethri ye-adaptive and agrolandscape technology yeResearch and Production Centre for Grain Farming. Baraeva Kanat Ashkalov.
Ngokusho kwakhe, ukwehla kokuvunda kwenhlabathi kungabhebhetheka ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu futhi kuholele ekulahlekelweni kwe-agrobiodiversity, ukuwohloka kombuso wamanzi wenhlabathi nezitshalo. Isibikezelo sezulu sizokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlela ezolimo zokonga ukuze kugcinwe futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuvunda komhlabathi.
Ososayensi abavela ku-Great Altai Scientific and Educational Centre for Altaic and Turkic Studies of Altai State University (AltSU) benze uhlelo lwekhompyutha oluqoqa idatha eziteshini zesimo sezulu phakathi neminyaka engu-80 edlule futhi luhlole ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu emizuzwini embalwa.
Kumodi yokuhlola, ososayensi sebevele bacubungule idatha evela eziteshini zesimo sezulu ezingu-840 e-Greater Altai nase-Asia Ephakathi, kuhlanganise nalezo ezise-Kyrgyzstan.
"Ngenxa yokusebenza kwesoftware, sithola isethi ephelele yedatha futhi sihlole izinguquko zesimo sezulu, ikakhulukazi, ushintsho olulindelekile emazingeni okushisa aphakathi nonyaka kanye nemvula ngeminyaka eyi-100," kusho u-Elena Ponkina, omunye wabathuthukisi bohlelo. .
Umkhiqizo wadalwa ngaphakathi kohlaka lwephrojekthi "Izwe laseTurkic le-Great Altai: Ubumbano Nokwehlukahlukana Emlandweni Nesimanjemanje" ngokusekelwa nguMnyango Wezesayensi Nezemfundo waseRussia futhi, ngokusho kwabathuthukisi, kuzoba usizo ozakwabo abavela emazweni ase-Asia.
Ubuciko bokulima
Njengoba ososayensi bephawula, ukuhlaziya okunjalo kungenziwa kunoma iyiphi indawo ekhethiwe. Udinga kuphela ukulungisa uhlu lweziteshi zesimo sezulu odinga ukuzidawuniloda nokucubungula idatha.
“Manje siqapha ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezulu zaseKazakhstan. Ngokusekelwe kulawa maphethini, izincomo zizokwenziwa ngezindawo ngazinye - lokhu kuzonikeza izinhlangano zezolimo isisekelo sokuhlela amasu namaqhinga kwezolimo, "kuchaza uKanat Ashkalov.
Ngokusho kwakhe, uma wazi amaphethini wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, izimo zomoya noma ukwazi ukuvimbela ukuvela kwesithwathwa, kuzokwazi ukubeka izitshalo endaweni yokusetshenziswa komhlaba, lapho zingasabela kahle ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. Lezi kungaba izitshalo ezithanda umswakama, kanye nalezo ezikwazi ukumelana nesomiso nokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idatha ngesimo sezulu ezindaweni ngazinye izosiza abalimi ekudaleni izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingamelana nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu.
"Siyaqhubeka nokusebenza ekuthuthukisweni kwalolu hlelo, ikakhulukazi, sakha izinqubo ezimbalwa ezikhethekile zokubikezela ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuklama indawo, ngokwesibonelo, ngokwezinga lokushisa kwesimo sezulu, elibaluleke kakhulu emazweni. wase-Asia Ephakathi,” u-Elena Ponkina wabelane ngezinhlelo zakhe.
Isimo sezulu kanye nomnotho
Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi le phrojekthi ithinta izithakazelo zezwekazi lonke lase-Eurasia. Isimo sezulu kwelinye lamazwe, esithinta izindawo ezinkulu njengezolimo noma ukufuywa kwezilwane, sishiya uphawu kwezohwebo nobudlelwano bezomnotho. Isibonelo, uma isivuno sisincane, kungase kube khona ukushoda emakethe futhi, ngenxa yalokho, amanani azokhuphuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le datha izosiza ocwaningweni lokushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni jikelele. Izwe elilimekayo laseKazakhstan linamandla okugcina i-carbon, okubalulekile ukucatshangelwa mayelana nosongo lokufudumala kwembulunga yonke.
“Imininingwane yesimo sezulu isivumela ukuthi sifinyelele ezihlokweni zokufudumala kwembulunga yonke kanye nokulingana kwekhabhoni. Ukusebenza nedatha evela eziteshini zesimo sezulu e-Asia Ephakathi, isibonelo, sabona ukuthi, ngokuvamile, ukufudumala okuvamile kuqinisekisiwe, kodwa kukhona ukuhlukana kwesifunda okuhlotshaniswa nendawo yeziteshi zesimo sezulu. iziteshi zesimo sezulu - yebo, imininingwane yazo," kuchaza omunye wabathuthukisi, UProfesa Ohlangene woMnyango Wezomnotho Wezwe kanye neCartography yase-Altai State University u-Andrey Bondarovich.
Ngokusho kwabadali, lolu hlelo luzophinde lusetshenziswe ekufundiseni abafundi ubungoti bezezulu, i-agronomic kanye ne-geographical. Njengamanje, eKazakhstan, bafunda ezincwadini ezindala, lapho isimo sezulu sichazwa njengesizinzile. Ukuze kulungiselelwe ochwepheshe besikhathi esizayo futhi kunikeze izwe izisebenzi eziqeqeshiwe, abafundi bazoqeqeshwa ekuhlaziyeni izimo zezulu zangempela.
Ithimba lokuthuthukiswa liphinde lahlanganisa nomfundi wase-Altai State University uKirill Rupasov kanye nodokotela we-PhD wase-East Kazakhstan University oqanjwe ngo-S. Amanzholov Aliya Nugumanova.