Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe emashumini ambalwa edlule ibe nomthelela omkhulu ku yokukhiqiza umkhakha. Kwabaningi abakhiqizi bokudla i-automation yezimboni ibenze bakwazi ukukhiqiza umkhiqizo wabo.
Kunabanye, noma kunjalo, abake bahluleka ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obusha emigqeni yabo, noma abakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele izinhlelo zokulawula izinzuzo ezinganikezwa. Kepha ngezintengo zezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukwanda kwabasebenzi namandla, kanye nengcindezi entsha yokulawula, ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kusalokhu kuyinto ephambili embonini.
Kubhekiswe enkingeni yokungasebenzi
Ukungasebenzi kahle embonini yokulungisa ukudla kukhulu futhi kungenzeka kuzo zonke izigaba zomjikelezo wokukhiqiza. Zinqanda ukuphepha kokudla, ukwephuka kwempahla, ukumoshwa kwamandla noma kungadalwa nayizintambo zokukhiqiza ezingasetshenziswanga kahle. Imvamisa kuhlala kungatholakali, noma kunganakwa, lokhu kungasebenzi kahle kuza ngentengo futhi kungaba nomthelela obonakalayo enzuzweni nasekusebenzeni kahle kwebhizinisi. Ngenkathi ubuchwepheshe bungahle bungakwazi ukuxazulula konke ukungasebenzi kahle ngaphakathi kwenqubo yokukhiqiza, budlala indima ebalulekile ekutholeni. Izinhlelo zokulawula, ezinjengezilawuli ze-logic ezingahlelwa (i-PLC) kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha nokutholwa kwedatha (i-SCADA) zingahlanganiswa kalula emigqeni yokukhiqiza ekhona esiza ukudalula izingxenye zayo ezingasebenzi kahle. Zingasetshenziswa futhi ukukhomba lapho ubuchwepheshe bungathuthukisa khona ukuhamba komsebenzi. Uma sekuhlaziyiwe, idatha evela kulezi zinhlelo isiza abahlinzeki bezitshalo ukukhomba izindawo ezithile lapho ukungasebenzi kahle kudlange khona kakhulu.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokudla ngokulandela umkhondo
Ukuphepha kokudla kubaluleke kakhulu kubo bonke abakhiqizi futhi ukugcina amazinga asezingeni eliphakeme kubalulekile lapho uzama ukugcina ukwethembeka kwamakhasimende. Izinkinga zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo zingasebenza kuzo zombili izinto zokusetshenziswa nomkhiqizo ophelile, futhi kuvame ukubangelwa amasistimu wokulawula angacaciswanga kahle, aphelelwe yisikhathi noma angahlelwanga kahle. Ngaphandle kokuthola izindleko ezinkulu, izikhalazo ezingaba khona zamakhasimende zingaba usongo lwangempela kusithunzi sebhizinisi. Ngabalawuli, njenge-FDA, befuna izindlela eziningi "zokuvimbela" ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuphepha, lolu hlobo lokungasebenzi kahle lolo oludinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ezindaweni eziningi zokukhiqiza. Ngokwenza ngcono ukulandelela kulo lonke uchungechunge lokukhiqiza, ama-opharetha azophinda athole ukulawula ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuphepha kokudla. Ukufeza lokhu, kubalulekile ukuthi idatha eningiliziwe nethembekile evela ezingxenyeni eziningi zenqubo yokukhiqiza iqoqwe futhi ihlolwe ngokuphelele. Ukuskena kwebhakhodi nezinhlelo zokuqapha okusemgqeni kuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ihlala ngaphakathi kokucacisiwe futhi ihambisana nayo yonke imithetho yokuphepha kokudla. Kusetshenziswa uhlelo lokulandela ngomkhondo ukuqapha noma yiziphi izimpahla ezifika, ukulawula isitoko esikhona nokugcina usesikhathini sempilo yamashelufu emikhiqizo, kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ukumoshwa kwempahla engavuthiwe, kwenze uhlu lwezimpahla lunembe kakhudlwana futhi ligcine ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Imvamisa ebangelwa yimishini yokulawula enganembile noma izinqubo ezilungiswe kabi, imfucuza yempahla iyinkinga yangempela kunoma imuphi umphathi wezitshalo futhi ingathinta wonke umjikelezo wokukhiqiza. Uma kunganakwa, iphutha elilodwa nje lingadala umonakalo enanini lezimpahla, okuholela ekwehliseni isikhathi okungadingekile nokumosha ngokweqile. Ngokucaciswa kwemininingwane yomsebenzisi eningiliziwe (i-URS), abahlinzeki bohlelo lokulawula bangasiza ekuboneni izinkomba zokusebenza eziyisihluthulelo (KPIs) ezidinga inqubo ethile yokukhiqiza.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zokungasebenzi kahle embonini yokukhiqiza ukudla, ngakunye kuhlanganisa izici ezahlukahlukene zenqubo yokukhiqiza. Yize ezinye zibiza nje, ezinye zingaba yingozi enkulu ebhizinisini. Ukuqoqa imininingwane eningiliziwe nethembekile kusuka ezingxenyeni eziningi zenqubo yokukhiqiza ngangokunokwenzeka kuyisihluthulelo sokulawula ukugeleza komkhiqizo kanye nomkhiqizo ophephile futhi osebenzayo. Izinhlelo zokulawula zingaba yimpahla yangempela kunoma yisiphi isitshalo ngoba zizokhomba izindawo ezidinga ukunakwa futhi zisize ukulawula ukuhamba komsebenzi ngakho yonke imikhiqizo ingaphakathi kokucacisiwe. Ukusetha okuhlelwe kahle, okunembile nokunakekelwa okujwayelekile kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo. Kunoma ikuphi, okubandakanya ochwepheshe bohlelo lokulawula, njenge-tna, kusukela ekuqaleni kungasheshisa le nqubo. Abagcini nje ngokusiza abaphathi bezitshalo bakhethe uhlelo olufanele izidingo zabo, bangaqinisekisa nokuthi ifakwe kahle futhi igcinwe njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqhubeka kokukhiqizwa.