Abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yase-Idaho bethula izakhi zofuzo ezivela esitshalweni somndeni we-nightshade zibe amazambane, befuna ukwakha ama-spuds amelana nematode eyingozi. Isitshalo, esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-litchi tomato', sinokumelana ngokwemvelo nezinhlobo eziningana zama-cyst kanye ne-root-knot nematodes.
“Leyo yisici esingajwayelekile ukuba nokumelana okubanzi kangaka,” kusho u-Allan Caplan, uprofesa osebenza naye eMnyangweni Wezesayensi Yezitshalo we-U of I obambe iqhaza kulo msebenzi.
Ama-Nematode cysts angahlala esebenza emasimini isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi, futhi angatholakala phansi aze afike kumamitha amathathu ukushona emhlabathini.
Abacwaningi be-U of I - abaholwa udokotela wezifo zezitshalo kanye nodokotela wezitshalo u-Louise-Marie Dandurand - basebenze iminyaka eminingana befunda uhla lwamathuba okusebenzisa utamatisi we-litchi njengethuluzi lokugwema ukulahleka kwesivuno esihlobene nematode kumazambane. Utamatisi we-Litchi utshalwe “njengesitshalo sogibe” ohlelweni lokuqeda i-pale cyst nematode (PCN), ehlaliswa yodwa endaweni encane esempumalanga. Idaho. Uma itshalwe emasimini agcwele i-PCN, utamatisi we-litchi uvuselela ama-cysts ukuba aqhamuke lapho engekho umsingathi onamandla, okubangela ukuba balambe.
I-Dandurand futhi inomcwaningi wangemva kodokotela ofuna ukuhlonza amakhemikhali kutamatisi we-litchi alimaza noma abulale ama-nematode. Amakhemikhali abonakala esebenza kahle angase acwengwe futhi asetshenziswe ngokuqondile emasimini njengesibulala-zinambuzane.
U-Caplan no-Fangming Xiao, uprofesa eMnyangweni Wesayensi Yezitshalo, bebesebenzela ukuhlonza izakhi zofuzo kutamatisi we-litchi ezivezwa ngokuqondile lapho ama-nematode ehlasela isitshalo.
"Sithole okungenani izakhi zofuzo ezingu-277 ezivuliwe," kusho uCaplan. “Sicabanga ukuthi akuwona wonke adingekayo. Kufanele senze ukuqagela okufundile okufanele sikuzame kuqala, futhi kuyindaba yokuzama iphutha. Siqinisekile ukuthi ezinye zazo zizoba nomthelela omkhulu kodwa ngeke sisho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi zizoba yibaphi.”
Bajikise ezinye zezakhi zofuzo abasola ukuthi zingabandakanyeka ngokuqondile ekubulaleni izinambuzane kuJoseph Kuhl, uprofesa ohlanganyele eMnyangweni Wesayensi Yezitshalo, osebenzise i-biotechnology ukuze abethule ezinhlobonhlobo zamazambane anesikhumba esibomvu, i-Desiree, ehlobo eledlule. U-Desiree ukhethiwe ngoba kulula ukuguqula ngokuguqulwa kofuzo.
"Uma sibona ukuphikiswa ku-Desiree sizobe senza umzamo wokuyibeka ngama-russets," kusho uCaplan.
U-Xiao udale amazambane athile e-biotech esebenzisa ufuzo lukatamatisi we-litchi ekwindla edlule, futhi uCaplan usethelwe ukwethula ufuzo olwengeziwe lukatamatisi we-litchi kumazambane kuleli hlobo. Konke ukukhula kwabo, ukuthelela nokuhlaziya kwenzeka emagumbini okukhula avaliwe.
Ngokuqala ngokusebenzisa ubunjiniyela bofuzo ukuthola indlela utamatisi we-litchi ezivikela ngayo, uCaplan ukholelwa ukuthi abacwaningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bangakwazi ukuguqula izakhi zofuzo ukuze bavikele amazambane kuma-nematode ngokusebenzisa izindlela zaselabhorethri ezingathathwa njengezinguquko zofuzo.
Ucwaningo luxhaswe ngezimali yimithombo eminingana okuhlanganisa i-Idaho Potato Commission, iNorthwest Potato Consortium kanye ne-federal Plant Protection Act.
Umthombo: https://www.potatonewstoday.com