Uhlelo lokusekela izinqumo olusekelwe esimweni sezulu olwaqala eminyakeni engu-15 eyedlule ezinsimini zezithelo zezihlahla esifundazweni saseWashington lungene emasimini amazambane akulesi sifunda. I Pacific Northwest Potato Decision Aid System (i-DAS) iqoqa okokufaka kwesimo sezulu sesifunda futhi ihlanganise lokho nedatha esekelwe ocwaningweni ngenani lezinambuzane lendawo. Bese yazisa abalimi lapho izinambuzane ezihlukene zingase zisebenze ezigabeni ezihlukene zomjikelezo wabo wempilo, kusize abasebenzi be-ag ukuhlela izilawuli ngokunembe kakhudlwana.
Abacwaningi abavela ezikoleni ezintathu zasePacific Northwest - IWashington State University (WSU), University of Idaho, kanye ne-Oregon State University - basebenzise i-DAS ngoMeyi odlule nasezindaweni ezizungezile e-Columbia Basin yaseCentral Washington lapho u-95% wezifundazwe izambane isilimo siyalinywa.
Kuyabikezelwa Kahle
I-DAS ihlanganisa izendlalelo ezimbalwa zedatha ukusiza ukubikezela izinkinga abalimi abangabhekana nazo. Futhi iyithuluzi elihlala livela njengoba idatha entsha itholakala.
Esithelweni sesihlahla, lapho abalawuli bebelokhu bephakela i-DAS iminyaka eyi-15, uhlelo luqhathanisa idatha yesikhathi sangempela sezulu namamodeli acwaningiwe ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho inezinhlobo zezinambuzane ezingu-11, izibonelo eziyisikhombisa ze-horticultural (ezifana nokuqhakaza kwezihlahla kanye namafasitela okuphakela ngezinyosi zezinyosi), kanye nezinhlobo ezinhlanu zezifo/ukuphazamiseka.
Ohlangothini lwesimo sezulu, i-DAS igaya okuguquguqukayo okufana nezinga lokushisa, imvula, nokuba manzi kwamaqabunga. Konke lokhu okuguquguqukayo okunomthelela ekukhuleni kwezitshalo, ukukhula kwezinambuzane, kanye nengozi ye-pathogen.
"Uhlelo lwethu luncike ekutheni ukuvela kwezigaba eziningi zokuphila kwezinambuzane nezitshalo empeleni kuyizici ezibikezelwa kakhulu ngokusekelwe kumazinga okushisa noma ezinye izici zendawo ezungezile," kusho uDave Crowder, Uprofesa Ohlanganisa I-Entomology e-WSU.
Abalimi bangasebenzisa lezi zinhlobo ukuze babikezele ukuthi isiteji sempilo singaba sengozini nini, izihlahla zingaqhakaza nini, nokuthi izimfuno zabasebenzi zingase zibe phezulu nini, phakathi kokunye okubalulekile, uthi.
Izicelo Zamazambane
Njengoba i-DAS iyintsha kakhulu ezitshalweni zamazambane, okwamanje igxile kuphela ekulawulweni kwezinambuzane. Ezinye izici zokukhiqiza amazambane zizofakwa maduze, noma kunjalo, kusho Carrie Wohleb, Uchwepheshe Wezitshalo Zemifino Wesifunda eWSU kanye Umlimi Wemifino WaseMelika umlobi wekholomu.
Kuseyithuluzi elinamandla. Thatha ama-psyllids amazambane. Njengoba amazinga okushisa enyuka ngoMeyi 1, 2021, e-Paterson, WA, eduze nomngcele wase-Oregon, i-Potato DAS ibonise ukuthi ama-psyllids amazambane amadala aqala ukungena emasimini esifundeni. Ngokulandelayo, uhlelo luxwayise abalimi ukuthi babheke isinambuzane futhi benze izinqumo zokuphatha.
I-Potato DAS nayo inemodeli ye-Colorado potato beetle. Ososayensi be-WSU Extension bangakwazi ukuqapha ezinye izinambuzane, njenge-green peach aphid, i-beet leafhopper, i-lygus bug, kanye ne-potato tubeworm ngesikhathi sangempela. Basebenzisa amathuluzi wendawo ukuze baveze ubungozi besifunda bezinambuzane.
Inqubo, ebizwa ngokuthi i-interpolation, ithatha izindawo zamasampuli amaningi futhi ibikezele ukuthi inani lezinambuzane lingaba kuphi ngokuthatha isilinganiso esilinganiselwe sezindawo ezinezinambuzane eziyisampula.
"Lokhu kufana ngezindlela eziningi endleleni izibikezelo zesimo sezulu ezihlanganisiwe ezikhiqizwa ngayo, lapho udonsa khona idatha eziteshini zesimo sezulu esibonakalayo bese udweba uhlobo oluthile lokuhumusha ukuze ubikezele ukuthi isimo sezulu siyini esifundeni sonke, ” Kusho uCrowder.
Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, uCowder uthi, umsebenzisi angabheka idatha evela esiteshini esithile.
"Bazothola i-pop up (ifasitela) ebonisa lezo zinsuku zeziqu eziqoqwe kanye nobuningi bezinambuzane bese benikeza isibikezelo esihlangene esithi, 'Ngokusekelwe ebuningini bezinambuzane endaweni kanye ne-phenology eyisisekelo, nakhu esicabanga ukuthi ungase ufune ukukwenza. ,'” kusho uCrowder.
Okuseza, u-Wohleb uthi, kunezinketho eziningi, njengemodeli yokuthuthukiswa kwe-nematode kanye nomhlahlandlela wokufafaza izibulala-zinambuzane njengalowo onikezwa ohlangothini lwezithelo zesihlahla.
"Lesi yisikhathi esihle sempendulo ngoba izinto zisezintsha futhi ziyalungiseka," kusho uWohleb.